tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-51486056071679141292024-03-13T23:48:51.513-07:00Write a reflection paperZhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.comBlogger193125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-77359218841787235852020-08-25T12:36:00.001-07:002020-08-25T12:36:13.528-07:00What Is AP Research Should You Take ItWhat Is AP Research Should You Take It SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP Research is a class presented by the College Board as a piece of its new AP Capstone program. In any case, what does it truly include? How might you progress admirably? In this article, I'll give a review of AP Research and give you some more data about whether you should take it and how you can be effective in the class. What Is AP Research? AP Research is the second course that understudies take in the AP Capstone program. It comes after AP Seminar.If you take AP Seminar and AP Research, you will gain an AP Research and Seminar Certificate, and in the event that you take the two classes notwithstanding four other AP courses and tests, you will procure an AP Capstone Diploma. This program is exceptionally new (the College Board revealed the full form in the fall of 2014), however you will in all probability profit by it in the school application process when schools see the kinds of cutting edge assignments you've finished in these examination focusedclasses. In AP Research, understudies are urged to investigate a subject or issue that premiums them and configuration, plan, and lead a year-long examination venture based on it.The classrepresents the climax of aptitudes that understudies learn in AP Seminar, which incorporate viably breaking down sources, defining sound contentions upheld up by proof, and looking at issues from contrasting purposes of view.Smaller research extends in AP Seminar will set you up for the enormous scope research venture you will attempt in AP Research. Doing a drawn out examination venture is a ton like scaling the jagged pinnacle of a blanketed mountain on the off chance that you substitute physical uneasiness for mental inconvenience, but at the same time it's similarly as remunerating at long last! What Exactly Will You Do in AP Research? AP Research comprises altogether of a year-long examination project.The final result is a 4000-5000 word scholarly paper and a 15 brief introduction with an oral defense.You will likewise be required to arrange the materials you utilized in your investigation into a portfolio.This bit of workis like a theory venture, so itââ¬â¢s great groundwork for school scholastics. Subjects for the examination venture are generally moderately open, however contentions for and against answers for serious issues in the public eye will in general be the principle center. For instance, you may explore whether the administration ought to put more assets in finding and supporting economical vitality sources. In your scholastic paper, you will be relied upon to: Present and contextualize your exploration question and your underlying contemplations and theories about it.In the instance of my model, the examination question may be Should the administration commit more assets to supportable vitality ventures? You would ponder the inquiry quickly here and share your underlying clueless suppositions before plunging into any examination. Survey past thoughts and deals with the subject and their contentions and perspectives.This is the place you would address contentions for and against the selection of strategies to advance the utilization of economical vitality. This segment lays the basis for your contentions in later areas of the paper. Clarify your exploration technique and why you moved toward the inquiry this way.Here, you would talk about how you approached ordering hotspots for your examination and how you gathered the data. This loans validity to your contention in the following segment. Present your discoveries and decipher their criticalness in association with your examination question.In this area, you would spread out your contention dependent on the proof you found through your exploration. In the model, your contention may be that we ought to dedicate more assets to reasonable vitality ventures in light of the fact that the drawn out outcomes of proceeding to utilize non-sustainable power sources will be very critical. You could bolster this contention with research that you addressed in past segments. Talk about the suggestions and constraints of your discoveries and consider the procedure. This is the place you would discuss any qualifiers identified with your contention in the past area. On the off chance that you can't be certain beyond a shadow of a doubt of an end that you drew or there is some theory included, you would go over those expected restrictions. You would likewise discuss what your discoveries mean in a bigger setting. Discussion about potential subsequent stages on the issue taking into account these findings.Basically, this is the so what? segment. This is the place you would introduce your thoughts for what reasonable advances the world may take dependent on your exploration. In the model, this could be something like giving better duty motivating forces to organizations that utilization sustainable power sources or improving cash in the administration's spending plan with a particular goal in mind so a greater amount of it goes towards clean vitality ventures. Give a total bibliography.This is really obvious. You'll have to refer to every one of your sources effectively and ensure that they're dependable. After you turn in your paper, you will likewise convey a 15 brief introduction to a board of educators in whatever organization works best for your exploration. You'll be solicited to give a guard from your discoveries after your introduction. Your AP Research educator and two board individuals picked by your instructor will pose you three or four inquiries about your work, and you'll need to answer them dependent on your examination. You'll be decided on the nature of your resistance. On the off chance that you make a powerless contention, your educator will strike a hammer against her work area and shout OVER-RULED! over and over until you think of something better. Would it be a good idea for you to Take AP Research? As a matter of first importance, you can possibly take AP Research on the off chance that you take AP Seminar beforehand.Make sure you plan out your classes carefullyif you need to wind up in this class! On the off chance that you are hoping to gain the AP Research and Seminar Certificate or the AP Capstone Diploma, you should take this class.Keep as a primary concern that for the Capstone Diploma youââ¬â¢ll additionally need to take four more AP classes and tests. A few schools will offer you credit for taking these classesor will permit you to put out of basic courses that are required for different students.This can make things somewhat simpler on you during your first year. Youââ¬â¢ll additionally be more ready for school scholastics in the event that you take AP Research.You will as of now be comfortable with the way toward gathering exploration and utilizing it to define a conclusion on a subject. At the point when you're alloted your first exploration paper, youââ¬â¢ll know precisely where to begin. Beside those advantages, AP Research can be a pleasant method to investigate a theme that really premiums you. You'll have a huge amount of opportunity with regards to picking your subject, so you can investigate practically any thought that you find convincing. AP Research is a decent decision for understudies who are searching for an approach to enhance their secondary school involvement in free research and join up with serious school programs. Go, be free. Take off through the all the way open sky of source material on your wings of scholarly request. How Might You Do Well in AP Research? In AP Research, the most significant guideline for doing great is to abstain from falling behind!Since your whole evaluation lays on one long haul venture, you should ensure that you are industrious about keeping focused all through the year.Itââ¬â¢s enticing to stall when it appears as though you have so long to finish the task, yet you wonââ¬â¢t take advantage of your exploration on the off chance that you donââ¬â¢t spread out your work.You need to abstain from turning in a disappointing undertaking that you donââ¬â¢t have faith in light of the fact that you used up all available time. I would likewise recommend that you wrap up the entirety of your exploration before you begin composing any piece of your paper. It's difficult to compose a strong contention when you're adding to it piece by piece as you come. It's ideal to assemble all the data you need first, make sense of your contention dependent on the proof, and afterward begin organizing your paper around it. This may appear glaringly evident, yet in some cases with these kinds of activities it's enticing to begin taking a shot at the part that you really need to turn in before you've completely investigated all the foundation data. In a related point, you ought to be adaptable and acknowledge that you may need to reframe your examination question.You never comprehend what impasses you may hit or how you may need to change your venture as you study your topic.The most ideal approach to get ready for these situations is to begin your exploration early.The best tasks will be those that adjust to new discoveries after some time. You should safeguard your work, so you ought to be certain that you have faith in the perspective that youââ¬â¢re selling and that it's sponsored up by strong proof. At long last, you shouldchoose an exploration question that entrances you. Taking a shot at an exploration venture for an entire year can get repetitive, and you would prefer not to be totally tired of your theme following a few months. Converse with your instructor about your inclinations so you can cooperate to locate a practical exploration question that will hold your core interest. Pick a theme with a great deal of profundity, much the same as this madly frightening flight of stairs. End AP Research is the below average in the AP Capstone program after AP Seminar. It's like an autonomous examination class andconsists totally of one year-long exploration venture on a subject of your decision. You will compose an examination paper summing up your discoveries and afterward give an oral introduction followed by a resistance of your contention. AP Research can be a helpful class for understudies who need to be decidedly ready for school level assignments. It's an incredible method to sharpen your aptitudes in successfully directing examination and figuring contentions dependent on proof. It likewise may be a pleasant break from your different classes as a result of the degree of opportunity it gives to understudies. It's a chance to get familiar with almost any point or question that interests you! What's Next? Not certain if y Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-83829634074724556252020-08-22T04:30:00.001-07:002020-08-22T04:30:27.307-07:00Garlic as a Natural Pesticide | ExperimentGarlic as a Natural Pesticide | Experiment This examination was intended to explore and look at the viability of garlic as the characteristic larvicide and Abate as the synthetic larvicide against mosquito hatchlings. The adequacy of the larvicides was controlled when taken for all the mosquito hatchlings to be slaughtered. The mosquito hatchlings were set in discrete plastic cups containing garlic concentrate and Abate separately. They were observed at fixed time interims and the time taken for all the mosquito hatchlings to kick the bucket was recorded. The trial was rehashed with various convergences of garlic concentrate and Abate. A two-way ANOVA factual test demonstrated that Abate is increasingly powerful against mosquito hatchlings at 5% hugeness level contrasted with garlic, comparing to the exploratory speculation. Research and Rationale Mosquitoes start from the family Culicidae.13 Like numerous different creepy crawlies, they experience a real existence cycle from egg to hatchling, pupa lastly grown-up. They are commonly notable as parasitic creepy crawlies to human and they are answerable for some deadly ailments, for example, dengue, intestinal sickness and yellow fever. Some generally realized genera are Aedes, Culex and Anopheles. For the most part, mosquitoes breed in stale water like lakes, bogs and marshes and they flourish in warm climates.9 So as to control mosquitoes, compound larvicides are utilized. One normally utilized larvicide, Abate is applied to stale water to murder hatchlings of a wide scope of pathogen-conveying vectors (mosquitoes) to ruin their advancement into grown-up mosquitoes.2 Consequently, this forestalls malady conveying mosquitoes from bring forth and transmitting the pathogens to human by means of nibbles. In spite of the fact that the dynamic element of Abate, temephos is supposed to be successful against mosquito hatchlings (influences the sensory system by restraining cholinesterase catalyst), it has its drawbacks. Research has indicated that specific mosquito species (Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti) have created obstruction for Abate.4 furthermore, rodents presented to temephus demonstrated natural phosphorus harming while some fish are defenseless against temephus. Temephus likewise hurt inverterbates, for example, shrimps and crabs. Aggregation of temephus may likewise cause radical effects on cholinesterase movement associated with nerve signal transmission.6 Plant concentrates, for example, those of garlic are potential choices to Abate. Pounding garlic discharges thiosulfinates which convert into diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide whenever blended in with water.10 These two items shaped are powerful against mosquito hatchlings. Preliminaries directed in Bombay have demonstrated that few types of mosquito hatchlings are powerless to garlic removes. Allicin assists with checking jungle fever by forestalling the arrangement of circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of Plasmodium sporozoites to taint have cells.10 They are powerful, sheltered, natural neighborly and prudent. The goal of this trial was to research and analyze the adequacy of garlic as the common larvicide and Abate as the substance larvicide against mosquito hatchlings. The outcomes from this investigation show that the spread of pathogen-causing ailments by mosquitoes can be checked by utilizing regular substances, for example, garlic just as synthetic larvicide like Abate. Garlic is a potential choice to Abate as it is powerful, effectively accessible and eco-accommodating. Despite the fact that it probably won't be as quick going about as concoction larvicides, garlic has none of the drawbacks of Abate, for example, collecting in the earth and slaughtering different spineless creatures. Therefore, more research is being led to examine the effectiveness of garlic as a larvicide. Measurable Analysis Two-way ANOVA test was utilized to break down the information to show whether there is a critical contrast between the two larvicides. The Columns P-Value (8.58E-24) is not exactly the essentialness level (à ± = 0.05). There is a centrality contrast between the larvicidal properties of Abate and garlic. Decrease is a more grounded larvicide than garlic. In this manner, the exploratory speculation is acknowledged and the invalid theory is dismissed. From the investigation additionally, the determined Sample P-esteem (3.62E-22) is not exactly the essentialness level tried also (à ± = 0.05). This shows there are measurably critical contrasts between various groupings of garlic and Abate. The Interaction P-Value (3.01E-19) shows that there was a measurable critical connection between the larvicides and the focuses utilized. Higher convergences of the two larvicides are progressively viable against the mosquito hatchlings contrasted with lower fixations. The two-way ANOVA test uncovered that Abate is a more grounded larvicide than garlic. The Columns P-esteem is not exactly the centrality esteem (à ± = 0.05), which demonstrated that Abate and garlic are essentially extraordinary as far as larvicidal properties. This backings the exploratory theory that the adequacy of Abate is more prominent than that of garlic. Table 4 shows that for all Abate focuses, the interim taken for all the mosquito hatchlings to bite the dust are shorter contrasted with that of garlic. For the two larvicides, as their focuses expanded, the interim diminished. From the information in Table 4, it very well may be assessed that there is a greater rate contrast meanwhile taken among garlic and Abate for the initial two focuses (about 75%). For 3%, 4% and 5% focuses, the rate contrasts in mean time run from 54% to 58%. This is delineated in Figure 1. It unmistakably proposed that Abate is substantially more powerful than garlic. Lessen is a substance larvicide while garlic is a characteristic larvicide. Both contain the dynamic substances which are skilled to slaughter mosquito hatchlings. Inside 24 hours, all mosquito hatchlings would have passed on in Abate just as garlic arrangements. It was subsequently not down to earth to ascertain the quantity of live mosquito hatchlings following 24 hours. Consequently, the time taken for the mosquito hatchlings to kick the bucket was utilized as a proportion of the substances viability. The shorter the time taken, the more compelling the compound is. Dead hatchlings can be distinguished by contacting them with the tip of a bar or dropper. They can't be incited to move. Lessen contains temephos which is an organophosphate compound.11 It can hinder acetylcholinesterase chemical which is required to stop a nerve motivation after it has crossed the neural connection. Subsequently, there is a ceaseless incitement of the nerve, bringing about tremors and clumsy movement.11 Garlic, when squashed and blended in with water, will change over thiosulfinates to diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide,10 both which are organosulfur mixes. They are successful against mosquito hatchlings. The test indicated that Abate is an increasingly compelling larvicide contrasted with garlic. Both organophosphorus and organosulfur mixes neutralized mosquito hatchlings. This clarifies during the preliminary examination, in the wake of permitting the two answers for sit for 24 hours, all mosquito hatchlings passed on. By and by, the trial results demonstrated that Abate which contains organophosphorus mixes set aside a shorter effort to execute all the mosquito hatchlings contrasted with garlic (organosulfur compound), inferring that organophosphorus mixes are progressively powerful against mosquito hatchlings. In any case, this may likewise be because of the immaculateness of the dynamic substances. The mechanically delivered Abate contain unadulterated temephos, while allicin found in garlic is debased. For a functioning fixing to work viably, it must be extricated and prepared to give ideal outcomes. In spite of the fact that outcomes indicated that Abate is a progressively viable larvicide, it ought to be noticed that Abate is destructive to specific creatures, for example, mice and fish, just as to certain spineless creatures. Decrease is likewise subject to collect inside the common habitat, presenting dangers to human wellbeing. Garlic is an alternative to supplant Abate as it is effectively possible, modest and doesn't present mischief to the earth. By and by, garlic sets aside a more extended effort to execute mosquito hatchlings contrasted with Abate. Time is a vital factor when managing ailment conveying mosquitoes, for example, Aedes aegypti. In this way, in spite of the fact that garlic may be powerful against mosquito hatchlings, it may not be down to earth to utilize such a tedious substance to reduce the issue with mosquito hatchlings. Assessment To build the exactness, the base of the garlic, along with its skin was evacuated before the garlic cloves were gauged utilizing an electronic equalization. The garlic cloves were beat softly utilizing a mortar and pestle to keep heat from obliterating the compound substance of garlic, which may diminish the adequacy of garlic. Expendable droppers were utilized to keep away from sullying of substances being tried and in the holder used to gather mosquito hatchlings. In addition, plastic cups were utilized rather than research facility crystal so as to forestall tainting also. Each cup was shut with a punctured spread to guarantee that wind currents into the cup. The cup was secured as a safeguard to forestall the presentation of any mosquito into nature on the off chance that any hatchlings figured out how to finish its life cycle. Results from the preliminaries demonstrated that all mosquito hatchlings were killed by the larvicides inside 24 hours. Consequently, if the quantity of live mosquito hatchlings were noted following 24 hours, there would not be any huge contrasts. As another option, the time taken for the mosquito hatchlings to be killed was estimated. It was likewise difficult to run a stopwatch to quantify the time as it is hard to gauge when to stop it. Rather, the mosquito hatchlings were watched at regular intervals and any dead hatchling was noted. Consequently, the time estimated was estimation as it is difficult to mind the hatchlings consistently for a considerable length of time. To expand the exactness of results, the trial was rehashed twice to get a normal time. It was likewise difficult to separate the sorts of mosquito hatchlings. Distinctive hatchlings species may have diverse reaction towards larvicide. Howev Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-27861955655482527092020-08-03T18:33:00.001-07:002020-08-03T18:33:03.740-07:00Turn around and pretend it wasnt youTurn around and pretend it wasnât you I am happy to report several things: 1) I no longer have swine flu 2) I am now 21 years of age 3) Spectrum wrote an article about me 4) The New York Times wrote an article about us 5) The Livescribe company blog published some instructions I made on how to build a loft. ANFSCD This last weekend I attended CollegeFest 2009 at the Hynes Convention Center, just across the river in Boston. Its basically an excuse for companies to give out tons of free stuff and market to the college crowd. Alas, I didnt attend as a college student, I was there for Livescribe, demoing and handing out Dumb Pens. MIT students certainly attended though, several people recognized Chris and I there and we got the usual Hey! Are you that blogger guy? a couple of times. But, I mean really, who wouldnt recognize this face (especially now that its plastered onto the New York Times)? So Chris and I (along with Kirsten and Hawkins) spent all day Saturday and Sunday chatting with college kids and showing them this smart pen. That doesnt mean we didnt take some time to have fun. I made a point of demoing to every mascot I saw. First was Wally, the Red Sox mascot. Im perfectly well aware that it looks like Im about to swallow my pen And then the chicken from the PETA stickers. You know, the ones that say I am not a nugget! Look, I understand that youre not a nugget, but have you seen this pen? In addition to that, I also spent some time being angry at the live band. They were SO loud that I was having to shout everything I said. It got so bad that I, in all of my frustration and infinite wisdom, decided that shooting an elastic foam rocket at the band would be a good idea. You know, one of these things: What I forgot was that the Aflac booth was between me and the band, but it shouldnt have mattered because I was shooting over the Aflac booth. Turns out, Im a terrible shot, and ended up shooting into the Aflac booth. This wouldnt have been a big deal normally, Id have hit a stuffed duck or two and everybody would have been ok, but that day it wasnt ok. You see, Aflac was hosting the Red Sox and some Red Sox memorabilia, including the 2004 World Series Trophy. It doesnt take a rocket scientist to know what the rocket hit. I stared, not quite believing what had just happened. I turned to Chris, Did that just hit th Turn around and pretend it wasnt you! I quickly wheeled around and busied myself with organizing some pamphlets and straightening the table cloth. After a while I checked to make sure I hadnt snapped a flag off the trophy and was relieved to find it was all in one piece. They had confiscated my rocket, though, but I figured it would be inappropriate to ask for it back. Now Im mostly all caught up in my work I missed (just some lab stuff and a PSET to do) and Ill be working all weekend on more work. No rest for the weary, except for right now, so if youll excuse me, Im going to take a nap. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-12631304397469586262020-05-23T03:19:00.001-07:002020-05-23T03:19:04.057-07:00Critical Review Of Article Tolerance And Governance Critical review of article ââ¬ËTolerance and governanceââ¬â¢ in Abdolkarim Soroushââ¬â¢s book In the article ââ¬ËTolerance and Governance: a discourse on religion and democracyââ¬â¢, the writer Abdolkarim Soroush has defined justice as meta-religious setting on which an unexpectedly religiously democratic government needs to be based via its revolutionized freedom, confidence, religious enthusiasm, necessity of tolerance and a deep understanding of worldly matters (HOLTAN, 2005). The basic notion of a democratic religious government is a substitute of both theocratic government and a materialized liberal democracy, such as Iran and United States, respectively. In the article, Soroush has defined a democratic religious government as the one which offers a right of interpreting religious knowledge to each inhabitant, and allows him or her to freely perform the classification of interpreted religious knowledge democratically. After interpreting the article, I have assesse d that Soroush has based such type of government on an underlying principle which states that populace of a religious community reveal their religious views in their political matters. Thus, in case such communityââ¬â¢s political system is based upon role and viewpoints of common public, then those religious viewpoints are symbolized by such system. I think that by stating this Soroush wants to say that the freedom of debating and expressing oneââ¬â¢s religious viewpoints publically transforms a government to a religious one.Show MoreRelatedFinancial Scandals Of Enron, Worldcom, And Tyco Occurred Risk Management1671 Words à |à 7 Pagessystem, this helps to improve the management and mistreatment of opportunities, helps to improve the development and achievement of companies, improves information handling and communication, assists to enhance a companyââ¬â¢s liability, guarantee, and governance, and lastly, it helps to improve a companyââ¬â¢s character (Brown, et al. p . 547) Risk management assists companies by concentrating on company objectives by accomplishing activities while being aware of the risks involved. Background Brown et alRead MoreForeign Related Literatures1598 Words à |à 7 PagesForeign Review of Related Literatures 1. SalonBooker SalonBooker is the leading onlineà scheduling,à point-of-saleà and business management software for the beauty industry. Thousands of businesses have joined the GramercyOne family to provide online booking to their customers, manage day-to-day operations and drive new business. SalonBooker is completelyà web-based, which makes it available from any computer with a browser and internet connection, anywhere at any time, even via anà smart phoneRead MoreRisk Management : The Changing Landscape1112 Words à |à 5 Pagesrisks to which companies are exposed and their severity also keeps growing. Companies are now also moving towards appointing a Chief Risk Officer. In some companies, this responsibility is assigned to the CEO. Companies generally have a higher tolerance for financial risks than operating risks. 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Moreover they concluded that c orporate environment is very much important in business and corporate environment can lead to the accounting scandals and frauds. Therefore weak corporate governance and poor corporate environment also caused to the accounting scandals. However they summarized their article as firms that are involved in accounting scandals and frauds are characterized by the high earning smoothing and rapid growth. To maintain the company position in front of the stakeholders companiesRead MoreMy Research Paper3200 Words à |à 13 Pagessenior manager! Please adapt the content to fit your situation. Ron has worked in the project and change management field for many years. He is passionate about project management and formed Project Agency in 1995. Since then, he has written articles and spoken at conferences and run many many project management events for a vast array of organisations. Project Agency run a wide variety of training events around the world, so do go to www.projectagency.com for further information or contactRead MoreEssay about Evidence Based Research2968 Words à |à 12 PagesIntroduction Research in Nursing has become a fundamental discipline throughout the years and this report will provide an insight into the process of research. This report will show how to use the Cinhal database to extract the best available article within the parameters of Tissue Viability and formulation of the research question. The main features will focus on the reliability and validity of the chosen topic of the Waterlow Scale tool and the comprehensive evaluation of the evidence. 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This governmental agency, now part of the Office of Government Commerce (OGC), originally developed PRINCERead MoreRule Of Law And Development10265 Words à |à 42 Pagesman is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of lawâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ For the UN, the Secretary-General defines the rule of law as ââ¬Å"a principle of governance in which all persons, institutions and entities, public and private, including the State itself, are accountable to laws that are publicly promulgated, equally enforced and independently adjudicated, and which are consistent with international humanRead MoreERM Study Notes Essay8310 Words à |à 34 Pagesclinical trials 2. What role has the board played in driving change to Dukeââ¬â¢s risk oversight? Challenged management to be more involved in risk oversight 3. Who ultimately owns risk at Duke? Why is that critical? The board and top-level executives own risk at Duke. This is critical to know because they have to know they are responsible to have an urgency to protect Duke from risks. 4. What two areas of risk did Duke identify as exposure points early on in its process? a. Athletics Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-14552676374837502020-05-11T11:42:00.001-07:002020-05-11T11:42:02.780-07:00The Tactics Used By The Media - 3506 Words We live in a society that has compromised and diluted our so called ââ¬Å"free will.â⬠Everything that we do, say, and buy has been motivated and influenced by the media and what our world has deemed adequate and acceptable. Some of what is portrayed to us by the media is obvious, but often, companies use covert tactics to manipulate us into becoming the optimal consumers, those who will buy what we are told, despite whether or not need or even want the products that are being displayed to us. One of the brilliant tactics used by corporations is called subliminal messaging. Websterââ¬â¢s Dictionary defines the word subliminal as, ââ¬Å"Relating to things that influence your mind in a way that you do not notice.â⬠(1) Subliminal advertising is a means ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This term subliminal advertising was popularized in a 1957 by a book called The Hidden Persuaders by Vance Packard. This book displayed a study based on a movie theater in Fort Lee, NJ that was supposedly using subliminal commands and messages within certain films to increase their sales of popcorn and Coca-Cola. (2) Vicary claimed that he has created a phycological experiment to determining the effects of such subliming messages on the consumers that paralleled what was said to be happening in the theatre. He supposedly, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦arranged for the words ââ¬Å"drink Coca-Colaâ⬠and ââ¬Å"eat popcornâ⬠to be flashed briefly on screen every five seconds during screenings of the film ââ¬Å"Picnic.â⬠â⬠(2) Vicary displayed the words for a single frame,which was, allegedly, ââ¬Å" â⬠¦ long enough for the subconscious to pick up, but too short for the viewer to be aware of it.â⬠(5) Due to the messages being forced on the consumer, Vicary claimed that Coke sales within the theatre sky rocketed by 18% and popcorn sales sky rocketed by 58%. (6) In his book, he stated that these results prove that the minds of the individuals that he tested were influenced by the subliminal messages in the films. (2) This lead him to draw the conclusion that simply putting words on a screen for a period of time not recognizable to the conscious mind can influence human behavior. In this case, Vicary said that theShow MoreRelatedSmoke And Mirrors : Manipulated Realities924 Words à |à 4 Pagesculture in which mediated information and reality are intertwined, making it difficult to distinguish the nuances between reality and representation. We are constantly inundated with images from many different people on many different types of social media platforms, which essentially makes it possible to know the rest of the world from our living room. Meet Zilla van den Born, a Dutch Graphics student, who deceived her loved ones into thinking she was enjoying an exotic five-week holiday across SouthRead MoreIkea Media Plan1132 Words à |à 5 PagesMedia Plan Marketing Objective 1: To increase awareness of local IKEA store locations in the U.S. among Generation Y individuals between ages 23 and 30 by 25% by January 2014. Media Objective 1: Reach 30% of Generation Y (ages 23-30) at least twice a month during 2013 with information regarding their IKEA store within 200 miles. Media Strategy: Use direct mail campaign that highlights the location of the nearest store with IKEA facts, and promotions. The mailings are to be released atRead MoreMalaysian Airlines Case Study962 Words à |à 4 Pageswhich have affected families in both countries (Crossman Communications, 2015). Having said that, the goal was to improve bookings, and generate positive media coverage (Crossman Communications, 2015). This essay will go into detail of the client and the context they are run in, the campaign and the context itââ¬â¢s run in, and the ethical approaches used in the campaign. In order to understand the client further as well as the campaign, the correct context in which they operate in must be identified.Read MoreThe College Republicans Of Liberty University1624 Words à |à 7 Pagestasks that he wanted our group to assist the club with accomplishing was to use the election to boost engagement within the club for both club meeting attendance and also visibility on social media. Since the media was covering he election for a large part of the day, Wood discussed the idea that since the media is covering the election for a large part of the day, politics is on the mind of people more now than it would be during midterm elections. By using the fact that the election is top of mindRead MoreE Marketing Project1272 Words à |à 6 Pagese- marketing tactics covering the following ââ¬â What are all the eMarketing Tactics that are being used? Please provide proof? â⬠¢ Search Engine Optimization | Pay Per Click Advertising | Social Media Marketing | Banner Advertising | eMail Marketing | Mobile Marketing â⬠¢ What else? ââ¬â Does FlipKart need each of these tactics? Please give reasons which are related to FlipKart Business, Marketing, Competition, Customers. â⬠¢ Search Engine Optimization | Pay Per Click Advertising | Social Media Marketing |Read MoreE Marketing Project1263 Words à |à 6 Pagesmarketing tactics covering the following ââ¬â What are all the eMarketing Tactics that are being used? Please provide proof? â⬠¢ Search Engine Optimization | Pay Per Click Advertising | Social Media Marketing | Banner Advertising | eMail Marketing | Mobile Marketing â⬠¢ What else? ââ¬â Does FlipKart need each of these tactics? Please give reasons which are related to FlipKart Business, Marketing, Competition, Customers. â⬠¢ Search Engine Optimization | Pay Per Click Advertising | Social Media MarketingRead MoreWhy Suicide Terrorism Is An Effective Tactic1354 Words à |à 6 PagesCritically examine why suicide terrorism is such an effective tactic. Over the past decades suicide terrorism has confirmed its effective tactic and it is seem to be developing and growing movement. Terrorism is designed to cause panic within people, communities and countries but also to gain the publicity through media. Suicide terrorism, more than other forms of terrorist activities is presenting determination and dedication both of dying by individual terrorist as well as the desire to killRead MoreCoca Col A New Campaign Essay1324 Words à |à 6 Pagesgenerations, young and old. We all know a Coca Cola logo when we see it. Why is that? When launching the first campaign for Coca Cola in 1886 the color of the product stuck out to people. The color red is a positive and energizing color. Red is often used to express love. When creating the advertisement there was a lot to take into consideration, how to attract consumerââ¬â¢s attention. When creating the products name John Pemberton stated ââ¬Å"the two Cââ¬â¢s would look well in advertisingà ¢â¬ . From the campaignRead MoreEssay on Pre-campaign Analysis: Old Spice Brand Image1560 Words à |à 7 Pagesrefer to those aged 18 to 34 and the women are female shoppers (Effie Awards, 2011 and New Media Drivers License, 2011). Before this campaign, the initial target was men aged 18 to 60. A focus towards the younger generation is more plausible, especially since Old Spiceââ¬â¢s competitor, Axe was targeting a younger market as well (Young, 2010). Message development Due to the image that the public used to associate with Old Spice, the company decided to position itself as a ââ¬Å"champion of manly-scentedâ⬠Read MoreThe Role Of Mass Media And Poverty1561 Words à |à 7 Pagesexamine the mass media and and the role it serves in poverty and how poverty is perceived among the modern day public. The first thing we must examine is what exactly constitutes the media in all of its forms. Foremost, the media exists absolutely everywhere. Whether that be through TV, the Internet, newspapers, and radio. Each one garners for our societies undivided attention on whatever topic it chooses to be worthy of reporting and bringing to light. Overall the mass media is a tool used to draw the Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-89061823718984206622020-05-06T11:22:00.003-07:002020-05-06T11:22:06.040-07:00Stalinââ¬â¢s Russia Free Essays To what extent was a totalitarian state established in the USSR in the 1930ââ¬â¢s? From the start of Stalins self-imposed reign of control he always had the makings as a leader to create a totalitarian government, for example his ideology. Stalin wanted ââ¬Ëhisââ¬â¢ people to believe that he cared for them. Itââ¬â¢s interesting to say ââ¬Ëhisââ¬â¢ because it refers to the sense that Stalin himself believed he owned the Russian people which completely contradicts a lot of what he did and the reasons for which he did it. We will write a custom essay sample on Stalinââ¬â¢s Russia or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example Stalin always told the people that he was doing things for ââ¬Ëthe greater good of the Russian peopleââ¬â¢. This contradiction could alter the disposition of things when considering the totalitarianism in the USSR in the 1930s. The term ââ¬Ëtotalitarianismââ¬â¢ means that a state would hold complete control over everything in it, which is largely what happened in the USSR. Collectivisation is a great example of this total control that Stalin held over Russia, the fact he could take all of the farms and merge them together into one big farm to create more produce which was then sold or traded showed significance in comparison to totalitarianism because it showed that there was complete control over what happened all over Russia. As well as collectivisation Stalin also used terror to create a totalitarian state. The great Terror from 1936-38 is a great example of how a totalitarian state was achieved. The Moscow show trials which were essential in justifying a communist government. The main reason for and main success of the show trials were that it showed that the communist was the only party that was trustworthy, although this wasnââ¬â¢t true. The fall of Yagoda let Stalin re-establish a once slacking NKVD as a more brutal force, new, less retrained agents were recruited to help speed up and extend the great terror. The mass murder created by the Politburoââ¬â¢s Order No. 00447 enabled the NKVD to produce a list of over 250,000 people that were associated with ââ¬Ëanti-soviet behaviourââ¬â¢. This led to many Russian people denouncing their friends or family due to the fear of Stalins Great terror and the NKVD, this shows great examples of complete control of the people and the state itself through the fear Stalin had inflicted. It was not only fear that Stalin used to put people on his side, Stalin also appeased a lot of what people wanted. Women were given more rights and responsibilities in everyday life in Russia. For example, in World War One women didnââ¬â¢t have a lot to do with it whereas in the the Second World War hundreds of women fought on the front line and many women achieved the highest award possible for serving in the armed forces. This was because Stalin believed that women were at the centre point of Russian society and therefore appeased them because he knew how important they were. Stalin also put himself at the point of every family and made it known how he felt about the importance of family life, it was made a rule that every family had to have a picture of him in the house so that he could be at the centre point of everything. To create a totalitarian state there has to be acceptance from everyone, this was not fully achieved in the USSR, but because of Stalinââ¬â¢s Great Terror acceptance was not needed by everyone, the fear he inflicted left a great wound in the Russian people, through his ââ¬Ëreignââ¬â¢ Stalin was responsible for over 20 million deaths. This wouldââ¬â¢ve meant that people feared for their lives which led to people being submissive to the State, therefore creating a totalitarian state because of the total control held by the communist government. Overall I think itââ¬â¢s easy to see that a complete totalitarian state was established in the USSR in the 1930s because complete control was achieved by the communist party and by Stalin himself, it was mainly due his Great Terror that inflicted fear to ââ¬Ëhisââ¬â¢ people that totalitarianism was achieved. Stalin also achieved a totalitarian state because of the ways he made himself known everywhere in Russia, he was inescapable, finally leading to a fully totalitarian state. How to cite Stalinââ¬â¢s Russia, Papers Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-84019045691975932922020-05-06T11:22:00.001-07:002020-05-06T11:22:05.343-07:00Stalinââ¬â¢s Russia Free Essays To what extent was a totalitarian state established in the USSR in the 1930ââ¬â¢s? From the start of Stalins self-imposed reign of control he always had the makings as a leader to create a totalitarian government, for example his ideology. Stalin wanted ââ¬Ëhisââ¬â¢ people to believe that he cared for them. Itââ¬â¢s interesting to say ââ¬Ëhisââ¬â¢ because it refers to the sense that Stalin himself believed he owned the Russian people which completely contradicts a lot of what he did and the reasons for which he did it. We will write a custom essay sample on Stalinââ¬â¢s Russia or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example Stalin always told the people that he was doing things for ââ¬Ëthe greater good of the Russian peopleââ¬â¢. This contradiction could alter the disposition of things when considering the totalitarianism in the USSR in the 1930s. The term ââ¬Ëtotalitarianismââ¬â¢ means that a state would hold complete control over everything in it, which is largely what happened in the USSR. Collectivisation is a great example of this total control that Stalin held over Russia, the fact he could take all of the farms and merge them together into one big farm to create more produce which was then sold or traded showed significance in comparison to totalitarianism because it showed that there was complete control over what happened all over Russia. As well as collectivisation Stalin also used terror to create a totalitarian state. The great Terror from 1936-38 is a great example of how a totalitarian state was achieved. The Moscow show trials which were essential in justifying a communist government. The main reason for and main success of the show trials were that it showed that the communist was the only party that was trustworthy, although this wasnââ¬â¢t true. The fall of Yagoda let Stalin re-establish a once slacking NKVD as a more brutal force, new, less retrained agents were recruited to help speed up and extend the great terror. The mass murder created by the Politburoââ¬â¢s Order No. 00447 enabled the NKVD to produce a list of over 250,000 people that were associated with ââ¬Ëanti-soviet behaviourââ¬â¢. This led to many Russian people denouncing their friends or family due to the fear of Stalins Great terror and the NKVD, this shows great examples of complete control of the people and the state itself through the fear Stalin had inflicted. It was not only fear that Stalin used to put people on his side, Stalin also appeased a lot of what people wanted. Women were given more rights and responsibilities in everyday life in Russia. For example, in World War One women didnââ¬â¢t have a lot to do with it whereas in the the Second World War hundreds of women fought on the front line and many women achieved the highest award possible for serving in the armed forces. This was because Stalin believed that women were at the centre point of Russian society and therefore appeased them because he knew how important they were. Stalin also put himself at the point of every family and made it known how he felt about the importance of family life, it was made a rule that every family had to have a picture of him in the house so that he could be at the centre point of everything. To create a totalitarian state there has to be acceptance from everyone, this was not fully achieved in the USSR, but because of Stalinââ¬â¢s Great Terror acceptance was not needed by everyone, the fear he inflicted left a great wound in the Russian people, through his ââ¬Ëreignââ¬â¢ Stalin was responsible for over 20 million deaths. This wouldââ¬â¢ve meant that people feared for their lives which led to people being submissive to the State, therefore creating a totalitarian state because of the total control held by the communist government. Overall I think itââ¬â¢s easy to see that a complete totalitarian state was established in the USSR in the 1930s because complete control was achieved by the communist party and by Stalin himself, it was mainly due his Great Terror that inflicted fear to ââ¬Ëhisââ¬â¢ people that totalitarianism was achieved. Stalin also achieved a totalitarian state because of the ways he made himself known everywhere in Russia, he was inescapable, finally leading to a fully totalitarian state. How to cite Stalinââ¬â¢s Russia, Papers Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-33590795457270065732020-04-30T16:36:00.001-07:002020-04-30T16:36:02.964-07:00Unprofessional Conduct Case Study Essay ExampleUnprofessional Conduct Case Study Essay Dealing with Unprofessional Conduct Case Study Hiring Situation Due to our product, virile shortage share in the market compared with other products. It has to be a motivation for cooperation with HR manager searching for more qualified developer expertise to change the sharing rate in the market for our product. I will discuss with him our countryââ¬â¢s law that govern the conditions of transferring employees between competitors working at the same field, under the mentioned trade Secrets act; the Economic Espionage Act of 18 U. S. C. (Gossett, 1998). Discussing how to realize the principle ââ¬Å"Employers should be encouraged to adopt compliance programs to address these issues before they ariseâ⬠(Johnson, 2006). requesting him getting more applications to achieve the principle of multi choices for the qualified employees available in the market with equally chances and avoiding possible interest conflict between our stakeholders and closed competitors. PMI, 2006), I will request him to execute a non-disclosure agreement at the time of hire as a condition to accept him/her in the company, Because I am interested of improving the quality of Virile I suggest HR manager to recruit him under the quality functional manager if the decision is to hire him/her. Acquiring Situation As I notice unprofessionalism procedures of the chemist recruitment established, I have to stay professional by focusing on the real conflict of interest I predicted it, not the person (Sanghera, 2010, pp. 399), First, I will open constructive debates with HR manager far from any violence. We will write a custom essay sample on Unprofessional Conduct Case Study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Unprofessional Conduct Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Unprofessional Conduct Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Listening to him and understanding our company point of view about recruiting the chemist within my group. Clarifying it may be a critical error because he did not sign a non-disclosure agreement and maybe he had a non-compete agreement/clause with the former employer. Remembering him with Pepsi cola experience when Quakerââ¬â¢s new firm competitors hire a high level executive was working in Pepsi to operate with them and the court exclude the executive from performing certain duties for Quaker for a time according to Pepsi Property rights (Wharton School, 2001). If I could not convince HR manager about my thought and I am sure now there will be a real conflict of interest and may be no respect of the property rights of our competitors. No way now, I repudiate to participate in this decision and taking all required precautions under my responsibility through administrative instructions and procedures under my leading. trying from me to mitigate the predicted risks. (PMI, 2006) Execution Situation As I was predicted many risks will grow up, the work environmental now not healthy, my team member starts to ask the new chemist about very detailed specification about the competitor product Smooth, I believe this is non-ethical, following the same last procedures of HR manager argument with my team, convincing them about the competitorsââ¬â¢ property rights. However, by using the suitable precautions without, any practicing of coercion and force to impose my perspective between them I can mitigate this risk. (PMI, 2006) Closure Situation That is what I was afraid from, all my advices, procedures, precautions and arrangements didnââ¬â¢t accomplish our target, I have to accept my accountability about this failure, and all other team member, HR manager all of them have to accept their responsibilities resulting from our error. (PMI, 2006) I have to follow the next procedures on the following orders. 1. Reporting officially the chemist that I warned you many times, and as long as I draw your attention that what is required from you is development not duplicated. Listen Read phonetically Dictionary View detailed dictionary 2. Raise and report accurately the unethical and illegal situation to HR manager and the appropriate top management with a suggestion of stopping the manufacturing of the product and the market distribution for many reasons. I. Save our company from ethical, civil and criminal liabilities. II. Do not lose our company reputation. III. Not engaging me, team member and our company in dishonest behavior 3. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-50998457530363681262020-03-21T10:15:00.001-07:002020-03-21T10:15:03.358-07:00The 100 Most Important Words in EnglishThe 100 Most Important Words in English This list of important words was drawn up by British rhetorician I.A. Richards, author of several books including Basic English and Its Uses (1943). However, these 100 words are not a part of the simplified version of the language that he and C.K. Ogden called Basic English. Also, were not talking about the 100 most frequently used words in English (a list that contains far more prepositions than nouns). And unlike the 100 words chosen by David Crystal to tell The Story of English, Richards words are primarily significant for their meanings, not their etymologies. Richards introduced his list of words in the book How to Read a Page: A Course in Effective Reading (1942), and he called them the most important words for two reasons: They cover the ideas we can least avoid using, those which are concerned in all that we do as thinking beings.They are words we are forced to use in explaining other words because it is in terms of the ideas they cover that the meanings of other words must be given. Here are those 100 important words: AmountArgumentArtBeBeautifulBeliefCauseCertainChanceChangeClearCommonComparisonConditionConnectionCopyDecisionDegreeDesireDevelopmentDifferentDoEducationEndEventExamplesExistenceExperienceFactFearFeelingFictionForceFormFreeGeneralGetGiveGoodGovernmentHappyHaveHistoryIdeaImportantInterestKnowledgeLawLetLevelLivingLoveMakeMaterialMeasureMindMotionNameNationNaturalNecessaryNormalNumberObservationOppositeOrderOrganizationPartPlacePleasurePossiblePowerProbablePropertyPurposeQualityQuestionReasonRelationRepresentativeRespectResponsibleRightSameSayScienceSeeSeemSenseSignSimpleSocietySortSpecialSubstanceThingThoughtTrueUseWayWiseWordWork All these words carry multiple meanings, and they can say quite different things to different readers. For that reason, Richards list could just as well have been labeled The 100 Most Ambiguous Words: The very usefulness which gives them their importance explains their ambiguity. They are the servants of too many interests to keep to single, clearly defined jobs. Technical words in the sciences are like adzes, planes, gimlets, or razors. A word like experience, or feeling, or true is like a pocketknife. In good hands it will do most things- not very well. In general we will find that the more important a word is, and the more central and necessary its meanings are in our pictures of ourselves and the world, the more ambiguous and possibly deceiving the word will be. In an earlier book, The Making of Meaning (1923), Richards (and co-author C.K. Ogden) had explored the fundamental notion that meaning doesnt reside in words themselves. Rather, meaning is rhetorical: Its fashioned out of both a verbal context (the words surrounding the words) and the experiences of the individual reader. No surprise, then, that miscommunication is often the result when the important words come into play. Its this idea of miscommunicating through language that led Richards to conclude that all of us are developing our reading skills all the time: Whenever we use words in forming some judgment or decision, we are, in what may be a painfully sharp sense, learning to read (How to Read a Page.) There are actually 103 words on Richards top-100 list. The bonus words, he said, are meant to incite the reader to the task of cutting out those he sees no point in and adding any he pleases, and to discourage the notion that there is anything sacrosanct about a hundred, or any other number. Your List So with those thoughts in mind, its now time to create a list of what you think are the most important words. Sources Crystal, David.à The Story of English.à St. Martins Press, 2012, New York.Richards, I.A.à Basic Englishà andà Its Uses. W.W. Norton Co., 1943, New York. Richards, I.A. How to Read a Page: A Course in Effective Reading. Beacon Press, 1942, Boston.Ogden, C.K. and Richards, I.A. The Making of Meaning.à Harcourt, 1923, New York. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-68158493469977841342020-03-05T00:41:00.001-08:002020-03-05T00:41:02.474-08:00Top 12 Resume Writing Tips for 2012Top 12 Resume Writing Tips for 2012 In February 2012, the Career Thought Leaders Consortium published their Findings of the 2011 Global Career Brainstorming Day: Trends for the Now, the New the Next in Careers. My particular interest lies in resume trends, and you as my readers expect me to be up to date on these matters!à Here are the Top 12 findings in the resume category from the best of the best in the career industry: 1. Resumes are not dead! Every job seeker still needs one to present to employers, recruiters and network contacts. That said, the LinkedIn profile is becoming as important if not more important as an entry point and must be crafted to complement, NOT duplicate, the information in the resume. 2. Brevity Reigns The 3-page resume, however, is going extinct. Keep your resume succinct and preferably to one or two pages, even if you are a high-level executive. This means concise writing, short paragraphs, brief lists of bullet points, and good organization and branding to assist the reader in quickly assessing your strengths. The top third of the first page is prime real estate. 3. Extra Extra! Leverage Addenda Addenda are welcome attachments to short resumes when you have additional accomplishments to convey that did not make it onto the two-pager. 4. Keep it Chronological Stay away from functional resumes. Hybrids are okay but reverse-chronological resumes are still the preferred format for recruiters and hiring managers. 5. Smart-phone Savvy Keep in mind that some people will be reading your resume on their phones. This means you need good headlines and a compelling top third to half of the resume to encourage scrolling down. 6. RoboResumes Keep ATS systems in mind. Make sure your resume is formatted properly to make it through the system. For more on ATS formatting, check out my article, How to Write a Resume that Beats the Computers. 7. Retro Resumes Resume paper is still in style for when you present your resume in person! And itââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"retroâ⬠ââ¬â you can send your resume in an actual envelope and perhaps get some positive attention for taking the time to do so in this email-centric world. 8. Hyperlink it! Put links on your resume. QR codes are becoming popular, as well as other URLs that link to additional material about the job seeker. 9. Be human Donââ¬â¢t skip the community service, continuing education, civic background, etc. Your character is being evaluated more than ever! And you are encouraged to put a testimonial on your resume. Why say it yourself when you can have someone else say it for you? 10. Thereââ¬â¢s no one-size fits all. You need a different resume for each position you apply for, and then you need separate versions for the recruiter, the hiring manager, and the ATS software. How overwhelming can that be? Thatââ¬â¢s what career professionals and resume writers are here for. Hopefully we can make the process just a bit less overwhelming. 11. Vital Stats You donââ¬â¢t need to include your street address in your resume header anymore! DO include your LinkedIn URL, web address if you have one, your city and state, ONE phone number and ONE email address. 12. Ever heard of Twitrez? If you are media-savvy, you may have used the Twitrez tool to communicate your value proposition in a series of 10 tweets, 140 characters each. The idea is that each message can stand on its own and the combined 1400 characters ââ¬Å"create a cohesive overview of a candidateââ¬â¢s core qualifications and value.â⬠Or maybe youââ¬â¢ve tweeted your twesume? I can see whatââ¬â¢s next for The Essay Expert ââ¬â itââ¬â¢s writing Twitter resumes!à Stay tunedâ⬠¦ Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-22515630712471541512020-02-17T16:05:00.001-08:002020-02-17T16:05:02.910-08:00Sealed Bids vs. Competitive Proposals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsSealed Bids vs. Competitive Proposals - Essay Example In some cases, the contractors are able to change the price of their bids at the last moment as the lowest price gets leaked out. On the other hand, in the competitive proposals, more responsibility rests on the shoulders of the contractor as the entire work methodology is proposed by him rather than the client. It is risky as the competitive proposals are adopted as a method of procurement particularly for very complex projects (quelchnet.com, n.d.). The contractor might not be able to execute the work as the proposed methodology might turn out to be actually more complicated than the contractor had anticipated. ââ¬Å"Through the process of procurement request for proposal, bidders can underscore their experience and expertise in an areaâ⬠(Conviron, 2011). In addition to that, every contractor submits just one proposal as the submission is followed by negotiation with an evaluation committee chosen by the client if the proposal is deemed acceptable. Since competitive proposal s are more flexible as compared to sealed bidding, information from one contractor might be disclosed to Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-63575892049151171332020-02-03T10:22:00.001-08:002020-02-03T10:22:02.858-08:00You Be the Consultant Exercise Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsYou Be the Consultant Exercise - Case Study Example In addition, the management is able to analyze the new store more efficiently. Many business consultants would offer this advice to new firms. There are many situations when companies are successful and therefore, rush their expansion strategy. A rushed expansion strategy may be damaging to the parent company that was previously successful. Therefore, firms should realize the fact that the new smaller firms are a representation of the large firms and may have significant impact on the level of success. In a similar way, these new branches may be the stepping stones to the company achieving a much more superior level in its sector. Hence, the Wegman strategy is advisable as it gives the firm enough time to address the success of the new company and if necessary implement the appropriate strategy to enable the new store to adjust to the market (Banai, 886-900). One of the most important aspects of any company is the human resource. The importance of human resource is not limited to the intellectual capability of the staff members, but also includes their familiarity with the policies of the firm (Ammann, n.p). Companies frequently spend a significant amount of their budget in order to train staff members and ensure their competency. It is worth noting that the strategy by Wegman family to delegate the responsibility of the ne firms to its brightest employees has both positive and negative attribute. The positive attribute includes the fact that the employees have superior intellectual capabilities and are already aware of the direction in which the company is heading. These individuals are also familiar with the internal policies of the company that create its culture and brand image. Hence, the rate of progress of the new stores is likely to be faster and in coherence with the parent company. However, there are negative attributes such as stagnation and lack of diversity. The business world is constantly evolving, and at times it is necessary to Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-55585854456314491682020-01-26T06:45:00.001-08:002020-01-26T06:45:03.578-08:00Case Study: Therapeutic ModalitiesCase Study: Therapeutic Modalities Three types of counselling approaches and intervention techniques are described and evaluated. The three approaches are, person centred approach, cognitive behavioural approach and the feminist approach. The person-centred approach was developed by the American psychologist Carl Rogers in the 1940-1950s (Rogers 1942, Rogers 1951) and this approach, also known as the client-centered or non-directive approach, continues to be used widely to this day. As the name of the theory implies, within the client-centered approach the counselling process places a heavy emphasis on the clients own ability to resolve their problems. At the time it was developed, Rogerian therapy marked a distinct departure from the traditional psychotherapy in that the person being consulted was not termed to be the patient. Carl Rogers believed in the clients own capacity to develop and improve based on their resources rather than as the result of some techniques employed by the counsellor. The role of the counsellor changed into that of a facilitator rather than a doctor, and the function of the therapy was to help the client tap into their own resources. The person-centred approach presupposes six core conditions required for therapeutic change: psychological contact between the client and the therapist; client incongruence; therapist congruence; therapist unconditional positive regard; accurate empathic understanding; client perception of the empathic understanding and unconditional positive regard (Corey 2009). These six conditions are considered to be sufficient and necessary for the success of a therapeutic relationship. The first condition, psychological contact, is the sense of dependency between the counsellor and the client that goes beyond the obvious sensory contact. The relationship between the two is characterised by equality both the therapist and the client are on the path of discovery, and both share intimate information. Therapists have the role of a guide on this journey because they are more experienced, but it is a mutual journey nevertheless. The condition of client incongruence the clients sense of unrest and anxiety. Within the framework of Rogerian theory, personality incongruence is the imbalance between the self-concept, the ideal self, and organismic experience. The clients sense of incongruence stems from the desire to achieve a balance between these three components (Rogers,1951). Therapist congruence, on the other hand, is the therapists level of authenticity in their relationship with the client. In other words, the therapist must be completely open with the client, sharing their emotions, attitudes and reactions that develop in the course of the interaction. The role of the therapist is to serve as a model of a human being who is at peace with their inner-self and accept themselves and others without inhibition or false pretences. In a successful therapeutic relationship, the therapist will be genuinely moved to communicate personal information and will be genuinely engaged in their relationship with the client. The second important quality on the part of the therapist is unconditional positive regard for their client. The therapist is accepting of their client without approving or disapproving of their behaviour, there are no judgmental feelings and no conditions for approval. As Fall et al. (2004, p.202) point out Unconditional positive regard is more than acceptance; it is an unwavering respect for the humanity of the client that is not affected by the behaviour demonstrated by the client. Another cornerstone of person-centered approach is the concept of accurate empathic understanding. This part of the therapist-client relationship consists in the therapists ability to experience the clients feelings as if they were his own. Such empathy will allow the therapist to arrive at an accurate understanding of those parts of the clients experience that remain not verbalised directly. The therapist is then able to help their client to clarify and work through feelings that lie only at the edge of their conscious awareness. Finally, the success of a therapeutic relationship also depends on the clients perception of the therapist. The three qualities need to be sufficiently communicated to the client so they feels safe to disclose their inner world to the therapist. This final quality of the relationship speaks to the dynamic nature of the person-oriented approach the therapist creates the necessary conditions for the client to progress, but the ultimate success hinges upon the clients perception and the clients willingness to take advantage of those conditions. The second therapeutic modality discussed is the cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). In its modern version the theory came into being in the 1980s and 1990s as the result of convergence of two earlier counselling approaches developed by Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck. The main difference of this therapeutic modality from the person-centered approach is that in CBT there is a stricter control by therapist in terms of the intervention techniques used. Cognitive behaviour approaches are based on the principle that the clients improvement is the result of cognitive restructuring and acquisition of new cognitive skills and thinking patterns. Such learning is directed by the therapist through a series of focused, goal-oriented intervention techniques. Cognitive behaviour therapy is an umbrella term that covers a variety of therapy types, and is thus more dispersed in terms of the specific intervention techniques used. Some examples of the more widely used and discussed cognitive behaviour therapies are Cognitive Analytic Therapy, Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy, and Multimodal Therapy. However, there are certain principles that form the basis of the different specific applications. The Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies outlines the basic cognitive and behavioural interventions as: clients learn to distinguish between thoughts and feelings; become aware of the ways in which their thoughts influence their feelings in ways that are not helpful; evaluate critically the veracity of their automatic thoughts and assumptions; develop the skills to notice, interrupt, and intervene at the level of automatic thoughts as they happen (ABCT, 2010). To distinguish between thoughts and feelings allows the client to recognise the rational thoughts that regularly become precursors to the emotions. Once such a distinction has been established the client is then encouraged to identify the unjustified and unreasonable aspects of their reactions to their own thoughts or stimuli. They further learn to take control of thoughts and feelings at the unconscious level, and engage in cognitive restructuring forming new patterns of thinking and new reactions to events. The behavioural strand in CBT brings in the two key principles of classic conditioning and operant conditioning, which both aim at encouraging positive reinforcement of positive (adaptive) behaviours and minimize reinforcement of destructive (maladaptive) behaviours. Fall et al. (2004) point out that in behavioural approaches to counselling, the counsellor focuses less on the past, and more so on the present and future, seeking to identify aspects of the clients environment that can be modified in order to reinforce adaptive behaviour patterns. The two strands, cognitive and behavioural, merge in CBT approaches to produce treatment that is usually short-term and skills-based. This means that most of the clients progress happens outside of the counselling sessions, in the real world, where they practice the behaviours and thinking patterns pointed out in the counselling sessions. CBT is, thus, empirically based both in theory and practice, as the clients progress is measured by reports of practical successes in their attempts to change both their environment and their reactions to their environment. Finally, the third therapeutic modality is the feminist approach to therapy. It emerged as the outcome of the revision of traditional counselling theories from the feminist perspective. Such a revision brought about a new agenda and a new vision of womens mental health as a unique category separate from concerns that are characteristic of the male population. Worell Remer (2004, p.6) name 15 issues in the traditional psychotherapy that stimulated the emergence of feminist approaches. Among them are dissatisfaction with the traditional theories of female and male development and behaviour that depicted stereotyped male traits as the norm and females as deficient by comparison, and frustration with the continuing omission of women from the knowledge base of psychology. Although the term feminist therapy also cuts across a variety of approaches and techniques in therapeutic practice, according to Worell Remer (2004, p. 23), there are four core principles that form its foundation: attention to the diversity of womens personal and social identities; a consciousness-raising approach; an egalitarian relationship between client and therapist; and a woman-valuing and self-validating process. Attention to the diversity of womens personal and social identities is the belief that women hold multiple roles in their personal and social lives. These roles and identities are discussed and analysed in order to determine their influence on the clients behaviour. The consciousness-raising techniques aim to raise the clients awareness of the external social forces that have an influence on the way they live their lives and experience reality. A distinction between socially-conditioned behaviour and intrapsychic sources of behaviour is made with an exploration of the politics of sexist and racist societal structures that may exist. Furthermore, the relationship between the client and the therapist is that of equality the clients resourcefulness is emphasised and valued. The therapist empowers the client not so much through sharing their own judgments and wisdom, as through facilitation of the self-exploration processes and self-healing resources that the client is assumed to have. This vision of the client-therapist relationship integrates with the goal to foster such qualities as emotional expression, concern for others and community-building among women. Such woman-valuing process is further enhanced by linguistic framing, e.g. enmeshing or fused may be reframed as caring or nurturing (ibid). Worell Remer (2004) also present an Empowerment Model that is an application of the above principles for counselling purposes. The purpose of Empowerment counselling is not only to reduce whatever dysfunctional symptoms the client may exhibit and not only to return them to their baseline normal level of functioning, but to empower them and make them more resilient than before. There are ten components of a womans well-being that the Empowerment Model aims to achieve as the result of counselling: improved self-evaluation; improved comfort-distress ratio; gender- and culture-role awareness; personal control/ self-efficacy; self-nurturance; problem-solving skills; assertiveness; increased access to social, economic, and community support; gender and cultural flexibility; and social activism. The specific intervention techniques that may be employed in order to achieve the above goals are at the discretion of individual therapists, since feminist therapy cuts across a variety of different counselling theories. As Worell Remer (2004, p. 26) note, Some theories may be more conducive to this transformation process than others, depending on the extent to which they endorse gender-biased or ethnocentric concepts or procedures. For example, the authors indicate that they personally rely on two approaches while working within the framework of the Empowerment Model cognitive-behavioural and psychodrama. However, it is still possible to identify several approaches that lend themselves best to feminist philosophy and objectives: gender-role analysis, power analysis, and demystifying methods. In gender-role analysis the treatment focuses on analysing gender-specific stereotypes and expectations imposed by society and ways that they relate to the clients life. Power analysis, focuses is on ways which the distribution of political, social or economic power between genders has shaped the clients personality and life choices. The clients are led toward a deeper understanding of both advantages and destructive consequences of such power distribution. Finally, demystification is used as an ancillary technique in order to reduce the power balance between the client and the therapist. More recently, feminist therapy engages cultural perspectives in order to account for clients diverse cultural backgrounds. Such diversity of perspectives relates directly to the attention that feminist therapy p ay to honouring and accounting for the multiple roles and identities of a woman. The three therapeutic modalities described in this paper are different by their structure, therapeutic goals, and practical techniques. With a single founder, the person-centered approach is the most unified of the three as a theory and method. There are easily identifiable six core concepts that form the foundation of the approach. The cognitive-behavioural theory stems from two theoretical sources and has branched out into a variety of different specific applications. It is characteristic of CBT applications to be disorder-specific. Finally, feminist therapy is more of a philosophy of counselling than a practical method and draws on other therapy types, such as CBT, to find practical intervention techniques most suitable for their target population. Feminist therapy is also different in its assumption that therapy cannot be universally applied to all populations and that women require approaches fine-tuned to their particular contexts. There are certainly also similarities across the different approaches. In all of them, an open, non-judgmental nature of the relationship between client and therapist is a key to the success of the therapy. However, the relationship between client and therapist in feminist approaches are closer to being person-centered than cognitive-behavioural. In both feminist and person-centered philosophy of counselling, the client is seen as the source of their own well-being. The therapist takes the role of a more experienced peer rather than a mentor leading the client towards well-being. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-5355706384149569522020-01-18T03:08:00.001-08:002020-01-18T03:08:03.697-08:00Of Mice and Men the Relationships EssayHow does Steinbeck present the relationship between George and Lennie in this chapter? The author John Steinbeck presents the relationship between the two characters, George and Lennie in different ways as they are both different characters and have different personalities. He presents it like a parent and child relationship, with George being the parent and Lennie the child. As soon as the reader is introduced to George and Lennie Steinbeck tells us that, ââ¬Å"They had walked in single file down the pathâ⬠. This immediately notifies the reader of the kind of relationship between George and Lennie, it does this by stating ââ¬Å"single fileâ⬠. This reminds us of a game called follow the leader. It also tells us that the person at the front (George) is responsible and the leader. We can also see this idea on page five. When George says, ââ¬Å"I ainââ¬â¢t sure itââ¬â¢s good waterâ⬠. This again portrays the idea of George being the responsible, as he has to tell Lennie this and Lennie canââ¬â¢t tell himself. It also shows us that George is concerned over Lennieââ¬â¢s health. This implies that George has feelings for Lennie. We again see the idea of Lennie being like a child when on page sixteen he wants a story told to him again. This tells us Lennie is child like because this situation is like a parent reading a child a bedtime story. After drinking from the pool, when they are sat on the hill Lennie imitates Georgeââ¬â¢s actions ââ¬Å"he pulled his hat down a little more over his eyes the way Georgeââ¬â¢s hat was.â⬠Our immediate interpretation is that Lennie looks up to George as a role model, the quote ââ¬Å"way Georgeââ¬â¢s hat wasâ⬠suggests he acts just like him and mimics him how a son would to a father. We also notice that Lennie tries to be clever towards George to show that he is smart even though he is not, ââ¬Å"he said cleverlyâ⬠. We can see throughout chapter one that George several times feels sorry for Lennie. the phrase ââ¬Å"poor bastardâ⬠not only tells that there is a sense of sympathy from George in the relationship, but it also sort of makes the reader feel sorry for Lennie, Steinbeck also implies this through stating that George ââ¬Å"looked ashamedly at the fireâ⬠. I could also notice when I was reading through the first chapter that George has a sense of authority over Lennie, ââ¬Å"you gonna get that woodâ⬠. This is like a parent telling a child to do his chores. On some occasions though George shows a bit of hatred towards Lennie, he thinks of what he could have if Lennie wasnââ¬â¢t around and contrasts that with George. There is also a sense of lack of trust in the relationshipà between the two men. We see this through the predicament with the work cards. It tells us that George again has to take care of Lennie, and that Lennie isnââ¬â¢t trusted by George. Again this idea is portrayed to the reader on page seventeen, we notice that George knows that he needs a plan b as Lennie cannot be trusted so his plan b is to tell Lennie to ââ¬Å"hide in the brush until I come for youâ⬠. This helps us to understand the relationship even further. George also treats Lennie like a dog in one occasion in the chapter, ââ¬Å"good boyâ⬠. This is something a master would say to a dog to encourage them, it also tells us the sort of role in the relationship George has again. In conclusion, we see that Steinbeck uses various techniques to portray the relationship between George and Lennie. But the main method is the idea of George being like a parent to Lennie. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-31667051371459506792020-01-09T23:30:00.001-08:002020-01-09T23:30:03.440-08:00Things You Should Know About Buy College Term PaperThings You Should Know About Buy College Term Paper Buy College Term Paper - Overview It's quite feasible to purchase custom essay cheaply in the event you take care of it in advance. So, even when you require an urgent customized term paper, you are going to get it ASAP! There are lots of websites out there where you can get customized essays online and, naturally, there's no regulation. 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Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-38421508113323081672020-01-01T19:53:00.001-08:002020-01-01T19:53:02.627-08:00Opposition to the DREAM Act Legislation Imagine for a moment that you are a teenager: you have a group of close friends whove been with you since elementary school; youre one of the top students in your class; and your coach tells you that if you keep it up, you could have a shot at a scholarship, which you really need since your dream is to go into medicine. Unfortunately, you wont be able to fulfill your dream because of your parents undocumented status. As one of the 65,000 undocumented students in the U.S. who graduate from high school each year, you are barred from higher education and cannot legally obtain employment after graduation. Worse yet, there are people who in the U.S. who believe that all undocumented immigrants should be deported. Through no fault of your own, you could be forced to leave your home and move to a foreign country. Why Do People Think the Dream Act Is Bad for the U.S.? Does that seem fair? The DREAM Act, legislation that would provide a way for undocumented students to gain permanent residency through education or military service, is taking a hit from anti-immigrant groups, and in some cases, migrant advocates. According to the Denver Daily News, anti-illegal immigration advocate and former Colorado congressman Tom Tancredo said the bill should be renamed the NIGHTMARE Act because it will increase the number of people who come to the United States illegally. FAIR thinks the DREAM Act is a bad idea, calling it amnesty for illegal aliens. The group echoes many anti-DREAMers saying that the DREAM Act would reward undocumented immigrants and encourage continued illegal immigration, it would take education spots away from American students and make it more difficult for them to obtain tuition assistance, and passage of the DREAM Act would put additional strain on the country since the students could eventually petition for their relatives residency. Citizen Orange explains that the military provision within the DREAM Act is a cause for concern for some migrant advocates. The author says that because many undocumented youth are underprivileged, joining the military could be their only path to leg al status. Its a concern that depends on a persons view of military service: whether it is seen as being forced to risk your life, or an honorable way to serve your country. There will always be differing views and opinions on any type of legislation, but especially so when it comes to a controversial topic like immigration. For some, the debate is as simple as whether or not to make children suffer because of the actions of their parents. For others, the DREAM Act is only one small part of comprehensive immigration reform, and the effect of such legislation would be widespread. But for the DREAMers ââ¬â the undocumented students whose futures depend on the outcome ââ¬â the outcome of the legislation means much, much more. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-36371299914339973012019-12-24T15:38:00.001-08:002019-12-24T15:38:03.886-08:00Doctor Faustus - Analysis Essay - 1785 Words I. The play Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlow was first published in Manchester by Manchester Publishing in 1588, no information about the playââ¬â¢s first production date was found. II. Doctor Faustus is contrived of the following: Faustus, a man well learned in medicine and other knowledgeââ¬â¢s known to man is dissatisfied with where his life is heading so he calls upon the Lucifer and His accomplice, Mephistophilis, to teach him the ways of magic. They agree to be his tutors only if Faustus will sell his soul to Lucifer and be His after 20 years. Faustus agrees and goes through trying times where he is unsure of his decision and considers repenting but then is persuaded again and again that the magic powers of the Devil are far moreâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Mephistophilis is very aware about what is going on around him; he does not miss a detail. That is why he knows how to manipulate people, especially Faustus, into giving him what he wants. IV. The language of this play is in literary prose. Since it was written well before 1830 colloquial prose is automatically ruled out. The dialogue in this play is more the thoughts of the characters instead of their actual words. For example Faustus says, ââ¬Å"Faustus, begin thine incantations, And try if devils will obey thy hest, Seeing thou hast prayd and sacrificd to them.â⬠(1.29) Here is alone on stage talking to himself. Normally people when alone do not talk to themselves, but Marlow uses that time to tell us what Faustus is doing, it keeps us informed. These words seem to be less natural because they sound like Faustusââ¬â¢ thoughts instead of his actual dialogue. An example of stage direction with in the dialogue is when Mephistophilis says, ââ¬Å"Faustus, thou shalt: then kneel down presently, Whilst on thy head I lay my hand, And charm thee with this magic wand.â⬠(1.120) V. As stated before, most of the stage directions are written within the dialogue of the script. The few stage directions in parentheticals are only the entrances, exits, and exeunts: ââ¬Å"Damnd be his soul for ever for this deed! [Exeunt all except FAUSTUS and MEPHISTOPHILISâ⬠(1.135) Occasionally,Show MoreRelatedDoctor Faustus Analysis1089 Words à |à 5 PagesAnalysis of Drama Doctor Faustus The play Doctor Faustus represents the conflict between good and evil inside everyone and how people can be influenced into doing things through religion and spiritual beliefs. This play illustrates the influences that people can have when met with promises of wealth, power and ultimate knowledge. Faustus is torn throughout the play on whether to repent and turn towards God or to sell his soul and indulge in earthly pleasures. Just like today, people can useRead MoreAnalysis of the Actions of Macbeth and Doctor Faustus Based on Free Will and Fate1677 Words à |à 7 PagesMany scholars have debated whether the actions of Macbeth and Doctor Faustus in Shakespeareââ¬â¢s and Marloweââ¬â¢s plays come from the characters themselves or whether they were following a predetermined fate. In the play The Tragedy of Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, each characterââ¬â¢s destiny, or fate, seems to be predetermined by the supernatural and unpreventable by any actions meant to stop it from occurring. The concept of fate is a large component in many Aristotelian Tragedies, such as MacbethRead More The tragical history of Doctor Faustus Essay1562 Words à |à 7 PagesThe tragical history of Doctor Faustus, which followed in the wake of Tamburlaine, is acclaimed by all as Marlowes best play in which the leaven of fertile poetry and fearless imagination works wonders. Introduction: The tragical history of Doctor Faustus, which followed in the wake of Tamburlaine, is acclaimed by all as Marlowes best play in which the leaven of fertile poetry and fearless imagination works wonders. The idea of a passionate struggle to reach beyond the grasp of Read MoreAcademic Expert1298 Words à |à 6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare, concerning the subject of knowledge probably being a downfall as they have inferred in their own plays, Doctor Faustus and Hamlet respectively. Amusingly, the chief persona of both plays is an academic intensely occupied with the quest for knowledge. In addition, each character is as well a tragic idol whose demise is inevitable. In Doctor Faustus, Faustus trades his soul with the Devil for infinite knowledge acquisition while in Hamlet; Hamlet acquires portions of informationRead MoreThe Function Of The Tragic Greek Chorus1295 Words à |à 6 PagesWeiner, 205). Aristotle goes on to say that ââ¬Å"[the Chorus] should be a part of the whole enterprise and share in the actionâ⬠(205). The more the Chorus is integrated into the play, the more it becomes more of a character. Christopher Marloweââ¬â¢s Doctor Faustus, Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Romeo and Juliet as well as his Macbethââ¬â¢s witches all serve as a tool for play progression and representation of theme; by identifying these points, the Chorus becomes an actor in its own right. In Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Romeo and JulietRead MoreShift from Medieval Scholasticism to Humanism800 Words à |à 3 Pages The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries saw a shift away from the traditional methods of medieval scholasticism which focused primarily on preparing men to be doctors, lawyers and priests and instead saw the beginnings of a movement which would become known as Rennaissance Humanism. This new movement was a rejection of the traditional methods, aiming instead to create a citizenry which could read and write with eloquence, and allowing them to participate in civic life - in this we see the originsRead MoreImplication Of Costume Design Choices Of William Shakespeare s Doctor Faustus Essay1916 Words à |à 8 PagesImplication of Costume Design Choices in Staging Marloweââ¬â¢s Doctor Faustus ââ¬Å"An effective costume engages the audienceââ¬â¢s attention and enhances the production and the actorââ¬â¢s performance: (1) it visually defines and supports the character developed by the actor, and (2) it helps establish the overall theme and mood of the production as interpreted by the director. An effective costume speaks to the audienceââ¬â¢s subconscious store of knowledge and experience, helping them to identify the individual charactersRead MoreThe Supernatural in Marlowes Doctor Faustus2294 Words à |à 10 Pagestime that are related to Marlowes play. The last and most extensive section focuses on the analysis of the supernatural elements in _Dr. Faustus_ and their connection with the ambiguities and contradictory ideals of the period. _Doctor Faustus_ is a non-traditional morality play, whose main character is not Everyman (the typical protagonist of this type of plays) but a single man -John Faustus-, who is a doctor in theology and has a raging thirst for knowledge. He wants to find the answers to all theRead MoreFaustus, By Dr. Faustus2669 Words à |à 11 Pagesoutset, Dr. Faustus is in his study contemplating what academic discipline is the most fulfilling. He reviews a number of disciplines in his mind, such as logic and medicine (which he believes he is already adequately distinguished in), and law and theology (which he believes to have inherent inadequacies). Dr. Faustusââ¬â¢s route from religion to magic seems to be forcedly cobbled together in order to elicit a certain emotion towards sophists as a whole, and Marlowe laboriously thrusts Dr. Faustus into becomingRead MoreWhen Art Imitates Art757 Words à |à 3 PagesThe novel deals with the Spanish Civil War and the warfare is described in the song. o ââ¬Å"The Smallprintâ⬠by Muse, a song from the perspective of the Devil talking to a person selling their soul to him because of greed, is based on the story of Doctor Faustus, a person who sells his soul to the Devil to gain unlimited knowledge and all the worldly pleasures. o ââ¬Å"Dont Stand So Close to Meâ⬠by The Police was inspired by Vladimir Nabokovââ¬â¢s novel Lolita, as is clear in the lyrics: Its no use he sees Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-2541072330812801902019-12-16T12:07:00.001-08:002019-12-16T12:07:02.868-08:00My First Day at University Free Essays My first day in buic I remember my first day I had wait all the summer to enter the university. I felt excited and at the same time I was very nervous because it was my first day in the university and I didnââ¬â¢t know any person. My first day in the university was good and give my love and pain to me. We will write a custom essay sample on My First Day at University or any similar topic only for you Order Now I didnââ¬â¢t know how to find my classroom. I was lost and I had to ask one person the easy way to go to there. This person was very nice and told me the right direction. I wouldnââ¬â¢t find my classroom I arrived to classroom late. When I walked on, I saw some people and I felt strange. I approached to one girl and asked for the classroom. Itââ¬â¢s so lucky when I knew that we were in the same group, so I felt less nervous. I introduced myself and she also did it, her name is tip. We came in the classroom when the time to start classes began. All our classmates were quiet, nobody talked at all. The teacher arrived early. She started the class and after that we introduced ourselves. There were many people that came from different areas of over country, they were friendly and interested. tip and I sat closely and talked very much. After that, we spent the rest of the day together until we had to go home. We felt that we have many things in common with each other. Day by day, we have been best friends at university and usually helped each other in studies and also in life. At last ,days ago It was a Saturday when I first saw her. Her brown caramel eyes made my heart skip a beat for I had never seen anything so breathtaking. Her skin was a russet color and her hair was a shady black. That first moment when we saw each other is engraved in my head. I can still hear my heart throbbing loudly in my chest as her eyes landed on me in that small room. We stared at each other as she made her way to the seat in front of me and a smile flicked on her lips to seal that moment. It took a year for me to talk to her; we became best friends but nothing more, nothing that I wanted. Her life was mine, her thoughts were mine, she was my world and she didnââ¬â¢t even know. Everyone said that we had something between us, she always laughed because she never notice how I shatter every time she notice someone else, but what really destroyed me was the day she broke the news that she was leaving and maybe never coming back. I am always going to remember that day because I had the opportunity to meet more people ,especially made friend with tip. Finally, I think it is natural that on the first day we feel nervous, but this always have a happy ending. thatââ¬â¢s why I believe my first day in the university was very good. My love for her is like the waves in the sea, it comes and it goes and She made me cry but she also made me laugh. But she never come back to me forever. How to cite My First Day at University, Essay examples Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-85264837797855105552019-12-08T08:50:00.001-08:002019-12-08T08:50:03.952-08:00Corporate Goverance And Social Responsibility CSR Report Question: Describe about the Corporate Goverance And Social Responsibility for CSR Report. Answer: The Corporate Governance And Social Responsibility Issues Involved In Business Decision Making: Corporate Governance is a crucial feature of any business institution. Being a prospective business manager it is important to have a clear knowledge about the subject and how it will be significant for my business organization. Corporate governance is a set of range of duties, responsibilities and legal rights that manage and guide a business organization (Bucur, 2015). The main intend is to distribute the authority and responsibilities among various stakeholders in the organization like employees, managers, board directors, etc. It sets the responsibility and right of each member within an organization. A Corporate Governance is the process by which a business organization is governed (Murphy, 2012). It may be referred as carrying business processes according to stakeholders decisions as it is concerned about the interest of the stakeholders. In an effective business organization, generally there is a good terms between the directors and the managers (Leblanc, and Gillies, 2010). T he board directors must keep a positive point of view about the performance in accordance to the standard performance (Baker, and Anderson, 2010). These factors are very important to practice good corporate governance in an organization. In the 1980s it was noticed that there is an essential swing in the control relationship among owner the stakeholders and managers is taking place. There was a huge pressure from the stakeholders upon the managers for more effective and swift decision making in financial aspects of the organization (Werther Jr, and Chandler, 2010). The common allegation of the stakeholders was that the managers are not capable enough to safe guard the interest of the stakeholders (Du Plessis, et al. 2010). According to news media, the directors were held responsible for the incapability to safe guard stakeholders interest. The initiative of corporate governance applies globally in business sectors like banking and financial institutions, manufacturing industry, IT industry, etc. There are mainly three types of stakeholders in any business organizations; they are stakeholder, stakewatcher and stakekeeper (Gourevitch, et al. 2005). The power of the shareholders to manipulate the activities of the management is restricted in practice and is hardly ever put into effect (Blair, and Roe, 2010). This subsequently grants directors of subsequent authority to best fit in the situation. Thus it can be explained as a structure that is utilized in order to direct and manage an organization. The corporate governess includes both moral as well as immoral sense whichever is good to safe guard the interest of the stakeholders (Van den Berghe, 2012). The non-moral functions include efficient decision making, suitable resource distribution, tactical development, and etc. However, in its moral sense good corporate governance have move as encouraging an ethical climate which is equally morally suitable and automatically correct in terms of ethical behaviour in business where it is profitable also (Visser, et al. 2010). So the fundamental idea of corporate governance is about reasonable decision making with due diligence, the righ ts and responsibilities of the management or directors and corporate social responsibility of the organization (Alexander, 2010). The idea of Corporate Governance is to convey the message among workforce that do as I do and do as I say with the good intention (Nicolaescu, 2013). It has been observed that when there is a low level of commitment in the higher level in management, the lower level find it hard to practice ethical behaviour in the organization. The communication of authenticity will at all time pass down, and when the top management and board of directors are ethical and committed the same is passed down to the lower and middle level managers also (Okpara, and Idowu, 2013). This practice also promotes the ethical business practice within the organization. Ethical infrastructure is an expression of the obligation, a way of checking and solving ethical struggles in the organization and a remarkable expression of honesty (Tricker, 2015). G4 Gri Guidelines: Preparing a CSR report with the G4 GRI Guidelines is a framework that allows business organization to prepare sustainability reports irrespective of its location, nature of business and size by maintaining Reporting Principles, Standard Disclosures and an Implementation Manual (G4 GRI GUIDELINES, 2016). It sets international standards for originations that are interested in disclosing the governance nature of the organization and type of eco-socio-cultural performance and effect of organizations. The G4GRI Guidelines are highly used by organizations in creating documents that discloses organizations good governance activities. This guide G4 GRI Guidelines have been created and improved through a complex process that needed diplomats and executives from business organizations, labour unions, experts of financial market and lastly legal bodies and governments for analysis and standardizing. A global multi-stakeholder process was involves in creation of the G4 GRI guidelines relating re presentatives from business, labour, civil society, and financial markets, as well as auditors and experts in diverse areas; and in harmony with regulators and governmental agencies around the globe (Solomon, 2007). The guiding principles are shaped within association by means of globally accepted reporting associated papers. The author has noted the important doctrine for G4 GRI Guidelines guided report content. These principles are shaped to define transparency in the report. Firstly the stakeholders comprehensiveness, as practical expectations of the stakeholders is the main reason for many decisions in creating the report. It is necessary for any effective sustainable report to identify its stakeholders and clarify how they have reacted to the stakeholders expectations. Normally stakeholders can be explained to the individuals who are directly or indirectly related with the organization like, employees, suppliers, investors, customers, etc. (Farrar, 2008). The main perspective o f a sustainability report is to declare the performance of the organization so it should focus on wider situations of organizational performance. That means the report should cover the performance and activities of the business organization in relation to the standards that are preset and its impact on environment and local community. Thus it should be about organizations contribution in positive or negative way for improving ecological environmental economical and social-cultural impacts (Mallin, 2011). And it should focus on the impact that stakeholders have on decision making process of the organization that has impact on organizations performance. An effective sustainability report includes the aspects of possibility, limit and time. According to the standards that should be maintained while preparing suitability report is transparency. The principle of the guideline states that the sustainability should focus on organizations performance and its impact on eco-socio-cultural asp ect of the community and also the expectations of the stakeholders (Council, 2007). The guidelines ensure the quality and transparency of the report and its information provided so that the stakeholders can analyse the organizations performance and evaluate to take necessary actions. For brining transparency in a sustainability report the following principles are needed to be followed. Firstly balance in reflecting the positive as well as negative performance and aspects in negative impact for its business processes. The report should be balanced, neutral and provide a transparent picture in front of the stakeholders. Secondly, the report should be created and presented in a very comprehensive manner so that it is easy for the stakeholders could analyse and evaluate the performance and improvement of the organizational activities in time. Thus it should be containing information that is selected, compiled and present report constantly. Reactions to fiscal, ecological and social can be expressed in diverse ways which can range from qualitative to in depth quantitative dimensions (Council, 2010). The quality to create accuracy of the information differs according to characteristics of the data and facts and the user. The reported information must be adequately correct and comprehensive for stakeholders to consider the organizations performance. A report can be transparent and accurate when it is published in regular intervals as it will then only assists the stakeholders to evaluate and take part decision making process. Clarity and reliability are the last two characteristics that make sustainability report an effective and according to the G4 GRI Guidelines. Because clarity makes a report understandable and user-friendly which helps the stake holders to evaluate and analyse the organizational performance. Lastly, the fact that are offered in the report should be collected, recorded, assembled, analysed and presented in such a manner so that the information can be utilized later for analysis and assessments which could also set up a situation for organizational performance and achievement. Thus all the above featured discussed that are created as guide lines by G$ GRI Guidelines are important for making an effective and comprehensive sustainability and corporate responsibility report. Wesfamers Comparison: Wesfamers is one of the Australias leading business organizations. The Board of Directors plays a significant role in Wesfamers by directing and supervising the business organization to achievement of the tactical plans and also promoting good governance practices in the organization. The Board seeks to defend and improve the security of its shareholders, at the same time as taking into consideration the welfare of other associated stakeholders, which has workers, consumers, suppliers and community altogether. The management team get into day to day business activities to employ good governance and ethical behaviour and is supported by skilled leadership team. According to the managing director Mr. Richard Goyder, it has dedicated to development of the sustainability of the company to promote and safeguard the interest of the stakeholders. The organizations prominent economic, socio-environmental performance is managed by strong corporate governance structure assists to protect the i nterest of the stakeholders and community partners (Clarke, 2007). The business structure and horizon is such vast ranging that they have to interact with diverse individuals everyday and the corporate governance aims at preserve the reputation of the organization and in the process it also perform positive contribution towards the community. Wesfarmers publicises its CSR report every consecutive year. In this report the author is going to analyse and compare the 2014 and 2015 CSR report of Wesfarmers in relation to in relation to the G4 GRI Guidelines. According to the Wesfarmers CSR website it is a chief metallurgical coal producer and supplier of thermal coal for domestic power generation in Australian Market. According to the website information Wesfarmers is working in maintaining and generating significance over the long term, and is liable to actively administration of its societal and environmental impact and the objective of the CSR has remained the same for 2014 and 2015 a s well. Although the number of employees have decreased in Curragh mine from 547 number of employees in 2014 to 476 number of employees in 2015 which does affect on the total revenue collection, it differs only by $244 million. Although there is no change in the market share, it is still at 40%. In 2014, Wesfamers published its 14th sustainability report and in the consecutive year the 15th one. This shows that the management of Wesfamers are responsible for the interest of the stakeholders. Wesfamers has been actively participating in maintaining the community and environmental impact. In 2014 The Wesfarmers Group has reportedly reduced its greenhouse gas release by 4.1% which was more than 20 % less in comparison to last five years. And in 2015 moving one step further the group has reduced another 2.2 per cent as compared to 2014. The total amount of CO2e or carbon dioxide gas was 3.9 million tonnes and emission decreased by 8% in comparison to 2014 with 59.3 tonnes of carbon diox ide gas released per 1 Million dollars of income. The group achieved this millstone by constant observation and supervision of electricity usage in all sites of Wesfamers. The top priority of the organization is safety and in 2015 they announced that they have achieved the reduction rate by 66%. The water consumption by the sites has also seen notable decrease in the last three years. The total consumption in 2015 was 7,086 mega litres. They have recycled 4500 mega litres that is 29% of the water that have been used in the Curragh mining site. Due to enhanced data and information capture liquid water disposed ad recycled that resulted in recycle 356000 tonnes of wastes which is 17 per cent increase from 2014. The management took the initiative of distribution and donation of 7,800 tonnes of free food through their partner the Second Bite and Foodbank which experienced a 50% increased in donation in comparison to 2014. In 2015, the main issues that Wesfamers concentrated to improve were, safe workplace, improving and developing employee skills and gender diversity work environment including Aboriginals and Torres Strait Island inhabitants. They committed to build a stronger relationship with their valuable suppliers and working with them to improve the source of product to progress the ecological and social practices. The management made a positive communal impact by providing employment to one in every working Australian, providing taxes to the government like a responsible citizen and helping NGO who work on the grass root level in Australia. According to the Wesfamers the sustainable reports are been prepared according to the standards of GRI guidelines. In the process the report has explains the operations that are against the guidelines core elements of governance, financial, ecological and communal performance. The reports objective is associated with GRIs guidelines for forming the sustainability report content which are stakeholders involvement, transparency, accuracy, sustainability context, clarity and reliability. Wesfarmers has committed towards a sustainability development goal by 2030. They are: No Poverty, Zero Hunger, Gender Equality, Pure Water and Sanitation, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Reduced Inequality, Climate Action and Land on Earth. Fuji Xerox Comparison Fuji Xerox Co. Ltd is a joint collaboration between Fujifilm Holdings (Japan) and Xerox (USA) which develop fabricate and trade xerographic in the Asia Pacific area. It is the market leader in the improvement and functioning of sustainable operations. The management of Fuji Xerox is constantly working in promoting the CSR activities by helping the customers and sustaining as a trusted brand. The organizations constant effort is emphasized in safe guarding the interest of the stakeholders and to win their trust. According to Joseph C. Wilson, the business objective of the organization is to build a better understanding among its customers and stakeholders by building effective communication. In 2014, Fuji Xerox publicised its tenth sustainable report. It was the very first initiative to publish the report according to GRI guidelines. In the report the management has reported about the most important issues that matters to them as well as stakeholders and significant performance issues of 2013-2014 financial year. In 2014, the Fuji Xerox received the GBCA Five star Green Star rating for Eco Manufacturing Centre. The then MD of Fuji Xerox Australias MD Mr. Nick Kugenthiran stated that, Fuji Xerox is a business organization, which has been created on the basics of morals and reliability where sustainability has basically how the organization run the business opportunity and it is the principals and values which help Fuji Xerox to maintain the top position in the market. The organization commits to ensure that they provides a flexible, open, secured and considerate workforce environment for its workforce which provides ample opportunity for personal as well as professional growth. Fuji Xerox is a member of the Australia and New Zealand Recycling Platform member which is formed to offer its members with a flexible to offer its associates with a flexible, sustainable planning to convene accountability in the Product Stewardship legislation. The vision of the organizat ion is to form a society which accumulates process and securely recycles electronic waste for positive environmental impact. In 2014, the Fuji Xerox Australia, sold hundred percent of the paper sold that were certified under FSC, PEFC and FSC certified which were either neutral or made from recycle papers. In 2015, the organization engaged with more social changes and sustainability. Fuji Xerox became actively participant in various societal change programs and the management believes that they can develop value for the society by effective value chain. It recognized the effect it has on community and the significance it has for its stakeholders by business activities, from procurement of raw materials, production, and usefulness of the customer till the dumping of the product by the customer. The value cannot be just created by any organization rather if is something that the stakeholders recognizes. This reorganization is done by monitoring and communiqu. Fuji Xerox considered emp loyees as an important part for organizational success. The main initiative of Fuji Xerox in 2015 was to build a unique corporate culture. But in 2015, there was less emphasis on environmental environment performance. The major difference between some of the difference in the guidelines used for reporting and disclosure in Japan 2015 sustainability report compared to the 2014 report produced in Australia can be because of the different cross cultural outlook. In Japan collectivism is given more importance and it is important for Japanese to look after community specially the old, despair and children (Globerman, et al. 2011). Collectivism can be defined as the priority of a group or community as whole over priority of the individuals present in it (Mukherjee, et al. 2012). Whereas Australia is a country where individualism is given more importance issues like personal comfort, self reliance, comfort are emphasized upon. It can also be said individualism is the tendency of self radia nt and independent (Hartung, et al. 2010). The theory of Hofstedes cultural dimensions theory explains the effect of societal values and beliefs upon its members and their impact on behavioural development of individuals (Chatterjee, 2014). On a score card of Power Distance Index, Japan Scores 46 on individualism and scores 86 in long term orientation where as Australia scores high in individualism, a 90 and only 31 in long term orientation. So, there is a difference between the basic outlooks of the corporate social responsibility as Japan sees collective growth and development of the society so more emphasis on employee growth and wellbeing (Anderson, and Landau, 2006). But in Australia emphasis is given on recycling of waste material rather than employee welfare. So, it can be understood how cultural and social outlook can affect the corporate social responsibility and decision making process in business organizations. Reflective Journal Of Personal Development After the completion of the assignment I have the basic idea about the Corporate Governance. They are that it is the duty of the board of directly to equally treat all stakeholders to practice ethics and morality in the organization and there should not be any conflict of interest and each director should be free of any obligations (Hopkins, 2012). It is the responsibility of the directors to ensure that the business assembles with the appropriate laws in needed situations. I learnt that Australian corporate governance law is highly influenced by the British governance law. However now it has a single legal structure, The Corporations Act 2001 which is controlled by Australian Security and Investments Commissions. The corporate governance is important in Australian market because it organizations and exercises the cost of capital in the international market. Social responsibility is a principle that has gain importance in welfare of human being for ages. However as we are experiencin g an age of globalization and cut throat competition in the business world, it has been an increasing apprehension of business managers. This is because the increasing communication among business organizations, society and legal bodies. Prior to the course my knowledge about corporate governance, ethics in business and social responsibility concepts and relevant principals were vague. Like all others, my basic idea of a business organization was that it is a simple money making organization. It is one of the basic facts, but if we analyse deeper and learn the basic of corporate ethics and morality I understood that a group of people cooperate and coordinate to form a business organization to achieve a common goal which they cannot achieve personally and make a contribution for the community and society as a whole. I used to believe that societal impact is about considering and recognizing the concern in the community. But the actual scenario is that community investment experts vie w it as a part of job and are quite excellent in it. From the course I learnt that the solo part that can create or split a community investment strategy understanding of the subject by the social investment team: its process, development plans, tactical challenge and priorities. Also, it was a general belief as others that the organizations do societal welfare work but does not tell. But it is not true; storytelling is also an important part of CSR as it creates awareness and movement for the initiatives (Trong Tuan, 2012). Also, I learned that if the organization does not announce its CSR activities, then its impossible for stakeholders to keep track of the communal activities of the business organization. So, it is a job role as a manager that I announce the societal welfare activity of my organization to keep aware the stakeholders which will in long run create brand awareness and loyalty. The contemporary CSR of any business organizations generally focuses on the environmental social and corporate governance (Larcker, and Tayan, 2015). Organizations are emphasizing on recycle of waters, resources and wastes to reduce the carbon footprint and decrease the environmental burden (Ghinea and Ghinea 2010). The organizations are also participating in community welfare and services most with the objective of giving back what they have taken from the community. Encouraging individuals who are socially challenged or services of the aged in the community are some of the common social measures in CSR. Lastly, generally all contemporary business organizations are emphasizing in good corporate governance (Mallin, 2011). As a business student I have learnt that managing a diverse workforce can be challenging so the manager has to practice gender and communal equality in the organization. The employees grow where there is flexible, open and encouraging work environment. So, after completion of the assignment I learnt about different aspects of Corporate Governance and it s relevant importance in business organizations and how board of directors are utilizing corporate governance to bring sustainability in business and stakeholders engagement. The GRI G4 guidelines are practically founded on philosophy to safe guide stakeholders and sustainability of the business organization, and according to my study and analysis this is the best possible practice in the industry. It brings clarity and truthfulness in the system and my analysis concludes that it also assists in keeping good relation between different levels in an organization. Refernce: Alexander, A.G., 2010 Corporate Social Responsibility in Australia, the European Union and the United States of America: A Comparative Analysis of CSR Corporate Policies. Anderson, H. and Landau, I.N.G.R.I.D., 2006. Corporate social responsibility in Australia.A review, corporate law and accountability research group working paper no,4. Baker, H.K. and Anderson, R. eds., 2010.Corporate governance: A synthesis of theory, research, and practice(Vol. 8). John Wiley Sons. Blair, M.M. and Roe, M.J. eds., 2010.Employees and corporate governance. Brookings Institution Press. Bucur, I. 2015, "A new corporate governance",Manager,vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 277-281. Chatterjee, D. 2014, "Management Control Systems and Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions: An Empirical Study of Innovators and Low Innovators",Global Business Review,vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 565-582. Clarke, T., 2007.International corporate governance: A comparative approach. Routledge. Council, A.C.G., 2007. Corporate governance principles and recommendations. Council, A.C.G., 2010. Corporate governance principles and recommendations with 2010 amendments.available at: www. asx. com. au/governance/corporate-governance. htm (accessed on 24 October 2012). Du Plessis, J.J., Hargovan, A. and Bagaric, M., 2010.Principles of contemporary corporate governance. Cambridge University Press. Farrar, J., 2008.Corporate governance: theories, principles and practice. Oxford University Press. G4 GRI GUIDELINES,. (2016). G4 GRI GUIDELINES. Retrieved 22 October 2016, from https://www.globalreporting.org/resourcelibrary/GRIG4-Part1-Reporting-Principles-and-Standard-Disclosures.pdf Ghinea, C. and Gavrilescu, M., 2010. Decision support models for solid waste managementan overview.Environmental Engineering and Management Journal,9(6), pp.869-880. Globerman, S., Peng, M.W. Shapiro, D.M. 2011, "Corporate governance and Asian companies",Asia Pacific Journal of Management,vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 1-14. Gourevitch, P.A. and Shinn, J., 2005.Political power and corporate control: The new global politics of corporate governance. Princeton University Press. Hartung, P.J., Fouad, N.A., Leong, F.T.L. Hardin, E.E. 2010, "Individualism-Collectivism: Links to Occupational Plans and Work Values",Journal of Career Assessment,vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 34-45. Hopkins, M., 2012.Corporate social responsibility and international development: is business the solution?. Earthscan. Larcker, D. and Tayan, B., 2015.Corporate governance matters: A closer look at organizational choices and their consequences. Pearson Education. Leblanc, R. and Gillies, J., 2010.Inside the boardroom: How boards really work and the coming revolution in corporate governance. John Wiley Sons. Mallin, C.A. ed., 2011.Handbook on international corporate governance: country analyses. Edward Elgar Publishing. Mallin, C.A. ed., 2011.Handbook on international corporate governance: country analyses. Edward Elgar Publishing. Mukherjee, D., Hanlon, S.C., Kedia, B.L. Srivastava, P. 2012, "Organizational identification among global virtual team members: The role of individualism?collectivism and uncertainty avoidance",Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal,vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 526-545. Murphy, J., 2012.Governing technology for sustainability. Earthscan. Nicolaescu, E. 2013, "Business ethics, corporate governance, and social responsibility",Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management,vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 86. Okpara, J.O. and Idowu, S.O., 2013.Corporate Social Responsibility. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Solomon, J., 2007.Corporate governance and accountability. John Wiley Sons. Tricker, B., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Trong Tuan, L. 2012, "Corporate social responsibility, ethics, and corporate governance",Social Responsibility Journal,vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 547-560. Van den Berghe, L., 2012.International standardisation of good corporate governance: best practices for the board of directors. Springer Science Business Media. Visser, W., Matten, D., Pohl, M. and Tolhurst, N., 2010.The A to Z of corporate social responsibility. John Wiley Sons. Werther Jr, W.B. and Chandler, D., 2010.Strategic corporate social responsibility: Stakeholders in a global environment. Sage Publications. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-69648723197334046512019-11-30T20:31:00.001-08:002019-11-30T20:31:04.493-08:00Plagiarism in Higher Education free essay sample Dont miss your chance to earn better grades and be a better writer! It may be argued that although politicians do not necessarily write the words themselves, they endorse the words they use. But what if the words themselves are not original? In one instance, the presidential candidate Barack Obama was confronted by the fact that some of his speeches had taken material from Devil Patrick, the Massachusetts Governor. Obama admitted he should have acknowledged his source: Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues Volvo. No. 3, 201 0 up. 166-177 q Emerald Group Publishing Limited 1753-7983 DOI 10. 1108/1753798101 1070082 was on the stump. [Devil] had suggested that we use these lines and I thought they were good lines ] Im sure I should have didnt this time 1 really dont think this is too big of a deal (Obama cited in Whitefishes, 2008). Published by kind permission of HCI Press. Plagiarism has been defined as the unacknowledged use of someone elses work ] and passing it off as if it were ones own (Park, 2004, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Plagiarism in Higher Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 92) and it is interesting to speculate whether such an excuse would be accepted from a detent by an educational institutions plagiarism committee. Accusations of plagiarism in politics have been made before, Of course, though the outcomes were often different, suggesting that a shift may be taking place in attitudes towards plagiarism in politics. In 1 987, another presidential hopeful was forced to abandon his ambitions for high office largely because he had plagiarisms a speech by the British politician Neil Chinook and because of a serious plagiarism incident in his law school years (Sabot, 1998). Ironically, the candidate was none other than Joe Bidden, the man chosen by Obama to e his Vice President In politics today, it seems as though plagiarism no longer signals the end of a career. In contrast, students who are caught cheating or plagiarism can be subject to sanctions and consequences that are severely life impacting, which in the United Arab Emirates (AJAX) can include permanent exclusion from all tertiary education (see for example, Higher Colleges of Technology (HCI), 2008). One question of fundamental concern that we must ask ourselves as tertiary-level educators is why college students, who have much less at stake, considerably less experience and knowledge and who do not use English as their first language, should be held to higher standards of responsibility in communication than those in the highest political offices? Yet, if we make allowances for students who are still learning to orientate themselves in academic discourse, what standards should be applied? Plagiarism in a complex information society The concept of plagiarism is a relatively new cultural phenomenon. Greek philosophers regularly appropriated material from earlier works without compunction, and originality was considered less important than imitating, often orally, the retreat works of their predecessors (Lacked and Tangelo-Long, 2004, p. 37). All the way through the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the study Of rhetoric rather than written language was often the norm, with students required to give public speeches to assembled faculty. Only the subsequent move towards written assignments brought with it new perceptions of student plagiarism (Simmons, 1999, p. 41). Around the same time, in the earlier part of the twentieth century, the formalization of citation styles from organizations such as the American Psychological Association marked a sire to standardize academic writing and provide a model for ethically quoting the work of others (Simmons, 1999, p. 42). With the rise of the information society and electronic media, another cultural shift seems to be underway. There have been recent suggestions that plagiarism is becoming more prevalent, and much of the blame has been placed on nearly universal access to the Internet (Cannon and Neumann, 2002, p. 374). Park (2004, p. 293) refers to the ease of copying I] in a digital world of computers, word processing, electronic sources and the Internet. However, the explosion of electronic sources of information has not just made copying easier, it has also made it much more central to our students cultural and social experiences. Students going into tertiary education have grown up with the internet and are at home with downloading free films, sharing music and modifying and emailing all kinds of material taken from the web. They have developed highly skilled ways of conducting non-academic research using services such as search engines, social networking sites, bedposts, IRS feeds, discussion boards, etc. With Dealing with plagiarism 167 EBBS 168 hyperlinks allowing them to jump from site to site as though the internet were a single-unified source, and with copying and pasting a mainstay of interaction. They take it for granted that a pop star such as will. I. Am can pick up and rework virtually the entire content of a political speech, and turn it into the award winning song and music video Yes we can, apparently without Beams knowledge or consent ((The) BBC News, 2008). They are not surprised when this video is then embedded in countless websites, with the lyrics of the song posted on music sites without any attribution of the original resource (see for example, Lyricists, n. D). This intellectuality is a perfect example of the postmodern, self-cannibalizing popular culture (Bowman, 2004, p. 8) that our students now engage with on a daily basis. Students may well bring to the classroom very different ideas from their teachers about what constitutes fair use. Indeed, one study of 2,600 tertiary-level students in the AJAX found that just over 40 percent considered cutting and pasting from the internet as either trivial cheating or not cheating at all. The attitudes of AAU students are similar to those of other students around the world Crouched, 2009). Some theorists have gone a step further and argue that as the new media become more interactive and collaborative, it calls into question the whole idea of a creative, original, individual who, as an autonomous scholar, presents his/her work to the public in his/her own name (Colons, 1995, p. 1). The multiple contributors to Wisped pages is a clear example of how a collaborative process undermines our sense of authorship. In addition, the notion of what constitutes fair use is changing quickly. This is exemplified by the open source movement where material can e downloaded, modified, and shared with minimal and strictly controlled authors rights (See for example, Open Source Initiative, n. D). As Blue (2009) notes, the rules about intellectual property are in flux. Where does this leave educators? Has plagiarism become an irrelevant concept, too outdated in its definition to be of use in the production of educated professionals ready to take their place in our post-modern society? Do we have to accept Johnnys (2007) argument that in the digital age, writing an Original essay outside Of class for assessment purposes is no longer viable in its current form because f the ease of copying from the internet? Do we have to agree with him when he says such tasks are no longer even relevant because they fail to reflect the modern workplace? As Joy moons argues: My transfer from education to the world of business has reminded me just how important it is to be able to synthesize content from multiple sources, put structure around it and edit it into a coherent, single-voiced whole. Students who are able to create convincing amalgamations have gained a valuable business skill. Unfortunately, most schools fail to recognize that any skills have been used at al, and an entire paper can be discarded because of a few lines repeated from another source without quotation marks. Plagiarism in education Plagiarism in education seems to operate under a very different set of rules from the pragmatic fields of politics or business and can create emotional responses that deploy highly charged metaphors such as The Plagiarism Plague (Bowman, 2004) or Winning hearts and minds in war on plagiarism (Chicks, 2008). In education, plagiarism is seen as a transgression against our common intellectual values, carrying justifiably bad consequences for those guilty of the practice (Sherman, 2003). Why is it generally accepted that politicians can use ghostwriters, but that students cannot, even if the stakes for the students are much lower? The critical issue for education is that plagiarism circumvents the learning process (Spencer, 2004, p. 16). The process Of analyzing and synthesizing ideas, and reformulating them in writing, is seen as central to learning. Only by ensuring that students struggle to assimilate material and develop their own voice do students go beyond surface information and develop higher order thinking skills. As Sherman (2003) notes: [.. .1 ownership over the words you use . Is really at the heart of the learning process. You can read a dozen books about the cold war, but if you cant explain what you have learned to someone else in your own words, no real learning has taken place [.. And you will have made no progress whatsoever toward realizing the central goal of a liberal-arts education: the ability to think for yourself. 69 This struggle for intellectual development is not easy, which is precisely the reason that makes plagiarism attractive for some students. In most cases teachers are not concerned about literary theft, but that their students are kissing out on opportunities for learning because they are failing to engage with the material in a meaningful way. Plagiarism is therefore denying them the opportunit y to learn lessons, improve their study skills, and improve their knowledge and understanding (Lancaster University, 2009, p. ). If plagiarism is especially serious in education because it is an obstacle to learning, then we should deal with instances of plagiarism primarily from an educational perspective rather than the punitive one. Students need to learn the importance of academic integrity and understand that it is not just a hoop to e jumped through, but is integral to intellectual and personal growth. Clearly this learning process cannot be instantaneous, and allowances should be made as students develop. However, this does not mean that severe penalties should be removed from the process entirely as there will always be students who refuse or are unable to meet appropriate standards. Factors influencing the incidence of plagiarism Individual, pedagogical, and institutional factors can all influence the incidence of plagiarism. Students themselves can be impacted by a wide range of factors including their educational conditioning cultural background, motivation, language skill, peer pressure, gender, issues with time management, ability, and even the subject being studied (Rig, 1997). If the tertiary experience is vastly different to students previous educational experience, the motivation for plagiarism again increases. In the AJAX, it is likely, for example, that the students primary and secondary schooling was characterized by rote learning and the quest for a single correct answer, non-transparent and poorly conceived assessment practices, and vast social inequities within the student base, and between dents and their Often socially and economically disadvantaged teachers. Norms, expectations, and demands learned in this context can be difficult to dislodge in subsequent institutions which place a premium on the exploration of problems and solutions, independent and critical thinking skills, and academic integrity. If plagiarism is not defined or academic processes made explicit, then such students will find it impossible to reach the standards that are suddenly and (to them) inexplicably imposed on them. Pedagogical approaches may also contribute to the prevalence of plagiarism. Current methodologies place much more emphasis on collaboration and group work, with a greater weight given to out-of-class projects and portfolios at the expense of formal exams. The result is that the line between collaboration and cheating during assessed tasks is blurred, and if this is not explicitly dealt with by assessors, it will inevitably 170 result in misunderstandings as to what is acceptable. Also, students are more likely to justify cheating if the coursework Or assignments they Were given were too hard, poorly scaffold, or based on unreasonable expectations of heir abilities (Naiads, 2008), and plagiarism will be made easier if the assignments are not constructed carefully so that stock answers cannot be copied from the internet (Wood, 2004). However, the institutional context plays perhaps the most critical role. For example, unclear and uncommunicative institutional policies with vague definitions of plagiarism can affect the incidence of plagiarism, as can the application of those policies (McCabe et al. 2002). Some aspects of an organization may unwittingly encourage plagiarism. For example, in contrast to schools, tertiary education institutions in the I-JAW do not typically award top grades to large numbers of students, and there is evidence to suggest that students justify using ghostwriters in such an environment because they believe they deserve better grades ( Crouched, 2009). An often overlooked but crucial aspect of deterring and detecting plagiarism is the application of institutional policies by teachers. One survey of 800 American academics at 16 institutions found that 40 percent never reported incidents of plagiarism while a further 54 percent did so only seldom, even though the evidence suggested they must eve received plagiarisms work (McCabe, 1993 cited in Schneider, 1999). There are many reasons why teachers may be reluctant to report plagiarism. Teachers may feel the potential penalties for students are too high (Aura and Kruger, 2001 They may also be wary of making false accusations which potentially undermine their own professional status. Some teachers object to taking on the role of detective or enforcer as it undermines the mentor- student relationship (Schneider, 1 999; Park, 2004) while others may not have the time to make an extra effort to uncover plagiarism and follow it up (Park, 004). It may also be that some teachers, especially teachers of content subjects where the focus is less on form and more on ideas, may not have sufficiently developed skills to detect plagiarism. Holland (2001) found that even teachers who detect plagiarism may use indirect feedback when dealing with plagiarism (for example, comments in the margins such as Are these your own words? ) which can lead to miscommunication with the student about what is acceptable. With so many factors at play, the responsibilities of teachers must be clearly codified if any institutional initiative is to have any success. Plagiarism and SOL/FEEL English for speakers of other languages (SOL) and English as a foreign language (FEEL) contexts may be more pr one to infringements of academic integrity because students lack the English skills to understand the coursework and so may feel that plagiarism offers the only solution (Holland, 2001; Lie, 2005). Moreover, the cultural conditioning of English as a second language (SSL) and FEEL students has been cited as another contributing factor. Modern (1 995 cited in Lacked and Tangelo-Long. 2004, p. 38) suggests that some societies, including those in the Middle East, value memorization and imitation as the mark of an educated person which may mean that plagiarism is viewed as being less significant. Lie (2005, p. 239) disagrees with the notion of cultural conditioning, however, claiming that it is based on incorrect information and is presented often via unwarranted jumps in reasoning and conflation of separate issues. More pertinently, perhaps, she goes on to argue that: C.. Even if we concede that such cultural conditioning indeed exists to some extent, we still cannot say for sure that it is the main reason that SOL students plagiarism. There are many other factors that may motivate SOL students from many Al backgrounds to plagiarism, including a lack of adequate proficiency, lack o f task specific writing skills, and of course, the urge to cheat (p. 239). SOL students, then, whether or not cultural conditioning is accepted as an underlying factor in plagiarism, may still have greater motivation than their first language counterparts to take and use the ideas and words of others in their own assignments. Ironically, plagiarism by SOL students is also far more likely to be detected because of more prominent differences in engage level and tone between copied and original work. Degrees of plagiarism Intuitively, plagiarism varies in its severity in a way that cheating (e. . Using crib sheets or having someone else take a test for you) does not. It can consist of minor lapses, for example, when original material is poorly paraphrased but the source is acknowledged, through deliberately copying parts Of a text without citing the source, to submitting work from an online paper mill (Rig, 1997). Critical factors in determining the severity of the plagiarism include the intention behind the plagiarism (was it deliberate or accidental? , the a mount of material that has been plagiarisms, the inclusion of the source in the list of references, the degree to which the plagiarisms material differs from the source (an indication at an attempt to paraphrase), the time the student has spent in tertiary education, and whether it is the first, second, or subsequent occurrence. Given the wide variation in the seriousness of plagiarism and the developmental process students must undergo to assimilate the norms of academic writing, it is clear that the appearance of plagiarisms material is not always a deliberate attempt to cheat. For example, students are often poor at paraphrasing and may not be fully aware that this could be construed as plagiarism. Rig (1999) gave English-speaking undergraduate students a two-sentence paragraph to paraphrase and found that between 41 and 68 percent of the responses contained strings of at least five words or more copied from the original. These results clearly back up the claim that plagiarism may indicate a deficit in appropriate skills and not intentional academic dishonesty. Towards an institutional response to plagiarism In many educational institutions, plagiarism is seen largely as a teacher/student problem. If plagiarism is detected, then the teacher makes a decision as to whether to escalate the case for possible punitive action. The plagiarism is seen either as morally wrong or as a crime ? the breaking of a rule that has inevitable consequences (Blue, 2009). Unfortunately, dealing with plagiarism in this way can result in decisions which are reactive, emotive, and which are made informally on an ad hoc basis, thus inviting inequity and inconsistency. When the focus is directed towards punishment, there may be little maturation in terms of academic integrity for the student concerned, or for those who attach their classmates fate from the sidelines. Academic endeavourer must take place within an institutional culture that routinely recognizes and reinforces the value of academic integrity so that all stakeholders are obliged to proactively follow and uphold best practice in order to reduce the impact of the contributing factors discussed above. This requires the establishment of an institutional response to plagiarism that is comprehensive, appropriate, fair, developmental, transparent, and educative. 171 Park (2004, p. 294) describes such an institutional framework for dealing with legalism that was developed by a working party at Lancaster University in consultation with staff and with reference to experience and the literature: The working party sought to move the plagiarism discourse beyond just detection and punishment and to situate and embed it in a cohesive framework that tackles the root causes as well as the symptoms of plagiarism as a family of behaviors. 72 The key elements underpinning this framework were consistency and transparency. These were ensured by the explicit codification of stakeholder responsibilities, procedures, and penalties. In order for such a framework to e implemented effectively, Park (2004, p. 296) noted that all stakeholders within the institution must understand and appreciate why the fra mework is necessary and how it protects their own interests. A case study Park (2004, up. 295-9) nominated a number of central pillars that lend validity and effectiveness to any such institutional framework. These included transparency, ownership by stakeholders, student engagement, academic integrity, framing the initiative to ensure compatibility with the culture of the institution, focus on prevention and deterrence, and the supportive and developmental nature of the framework. These pillars provide excellent reference points for the approach taken in one department in a college in the ALGAE and allow us to examine the viability and efficacy of such a framework for the local context. The Education Department at ABA Dhabi Womens College (ADDS) has addressed its concerns with academic honesty in a concerted, collaborative, and multi-faceted fashion. As teacher educators, the faculty in this department are intent on producing future academics. Much like politicians, words, information, and the generation of ideas are the very foundation of our professional lives, so we regard it as essential that the rules of using these appropriately are disseminated, understood, and followed at all times by all of our students. To this end, we have established and adhere to a set of policies and practices at all levels that support and facilitate academic honesty. Institutional/departmental level The HCI, Of which ADDS is only one of 16, institutionally mandates the prevention and sanctioning of plagiarism and related offences. Consequences of infringements of these rules are outlined in official policies, Student Handbooks (see for example, HCI, 2008), contracts signed by students at the enhancement of their studies, and reinforced by administrative staff and faculty at every student meeting and examination session held throughout the students academic career at HCI. From these guidelines, the Education Division throughout the colleges has documented standards and procedures that address academic honesty in its assessment handbooks one that is distributed to all education students and the other, more comprehensive and specific, that is used by all education faculty. This shared written documentation enables best practice in assessment to be disseminated and allowed, provides the underlying philosophy and approach for the division as a whole, and addresses academic honesty both directly and indirectly to better support student writing and make plagiarism a less viable or attractive option. The assessment handbooks reflect the developmental curricular approach of the division as a whole, and so specify the type, nature, and expectations for assessments at each level to scaffold the students ability to produce increasingly sophisticated and original work. Ensuring that requirements are reasonable and documented minimizes the students need to seek help through illegitimate means. These handbooks are the basis of communication within the ADDS Education Department on all matters regarding assessment and have served to ensure a common approach and understanding. Insights gained by instructors in their daily interactions with students and their submissions inevitably reveal general difficulties facing students, which are then examined in regular formal and informal meetings to brainstorm and implement further strategies that may be useful. The ongoing concern at faculty level with issues of academic honesty is mirrored in the systematic recycling of warnings, information, and explicit instructions o students. As a department, the theft or misappropriation of ideas and words has been, and continues to be, addressed as professionally offensive and inappropriate. Initiatives suggested by Education Department faculty as well as colleagues in other departments and colleges are pursued vigorously. One recent example has been the provision of workshops by library staff on research skills and academic procedures. The plagiarism detection software, Turning, was originally adopted by the department as both a defense against plagiarism and a tool to help students protect themselves against accidental legalism. This proved to be very effective, but unfortunately access to this subsequently became unavailable. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-37878214572532413102019-11-26T08:29:00.001-08:002019-11-26T08:29:05.378-08:00The Glass Rose essaysThe Glass Rose essays Parenting is one major clash, or difference in the two stories of, The Glass Rose, and Life is Beautiful. The two films take two quite opposite ways of showing how a father can be, and act to there children. The Glass Rose shows an almost typical male approach to parenting, the father in the glass rose seems to have a little bit of love for his son, but fails to show any sign of it. He acts almost too tough, and acts really hard on his son. But it would seem that he does it only so his son can become a better person. In the film Life is Beautiful, the father takes a much different approach to his parenting. He is a truly loving and caring father, that shows his love for his child, but he shows so much love, that he protects his son from the real world, and kind of shades his son from the reality. Parenting in these two aspects are kind of similar in that neither really show their sons how life really is, and both kind of create a different world for their children. They create world that they wish existed for their children to live in, worlds where they children would just grow up and grow exactly how their fathers wanted them to be. Even though they are both shielding their children from the real world, it seems like they only want their kids to see, or do what they want, they are really only doing it for their kid for the best. There are many ways one can approach parenting, but they is no real perfect way to be a parent. And all parents were taught by their parents how or how not act, but no matter how any parents acts, they are trying to do the best for their kids. The father in The Glass Rose takes a real old fashioned, tough approach to parenting. He acts hard on his son the whole story, but it is not all for his sons good. It is also a bit of a cover up, because he gave his young fifteen year old son a job, that should be worked but older stronger men. And it is because ... Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-930582916150163402019-11-22T15:52:00.001-08:002019-11-22T15:52:03.743-08:00Fake FBI Warning Email ScamFake FBI Warning Email Scam Beware of messages purporting to originate from the FBI (or CIA) accusing you of visiting illegal websites. These emails are unauthorized and arrive with an attachment containing the Sober virus. This virus-bearing email with a malicious file attached has been circulating since February 2005. Make sure your antivirus software is up to date and your computer is scanned regularly. Another variant of the message comprises the users computer with a virus that can install itself when clicking on a compromised website. A window pops up indicating that the userââ¬â¢s Internet address was identified by the FBI or the Department of Justiceââ¬â¢s Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section as associated with child pornography sites. To unlock their computer, users are informed they have to pay a fine using a service for prepaid money cards. How to Handle a Fake FBI Email If you receive a message like this, dont panic - but do delete it without clicking on any links or opening any attached files. Attachments to these emails contain a worm called Sober-K (or a variant thereof). Though these messages and others similar to them purport to come from the FBI or CIA and may even show return addresses like policefbi.gov or postcia.gov, they were not authorized or sent by any U.S. government agency. FBI Statement on the Message Containing a Virus FBI ALERTS PUBLIC TO RECENT E-MAIL SCHEMEEmails purporting to come from FBI are phonyWashington, D.C. - The FBI today warned the public to avoid falling victim to an ongoing mass email scheme wherein computer users receive unsolicited emails purportedly sent by the FBI. These scam emails tell the recipients that their Internet use has been monitored by the FBIs Internet Fraud Complaint Center and that they have accessed illegal web sites. The emails then direct recipients to open an attachment and answer questions. The attachments contain a computer virus.These emails did not come from the FBI. Recipients of this or similar solicitations should know that the FBI does not engage in the practice of sending unsolicited emails to the public in this manner.Opening email attachments from an unknown sender is a risky and dangerous endeavor as such attachments frequently contain viruses that can infect the recipients computer. The FBI strongly encourages computer users not to open such attac hments. Sample Fake FBI Email Heres email text contributed by A. Edwards on Feb. 22, 2005: Dear Sir/Madam,We have logged your IP-address on more than 40 illegal Websites.Important: Please answer our questions! The list of questions are attached.Yours faithfully,M. John StellfordFederal Bureau of Investigation -FBI-935 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Room 2130Washington, DC 20535(202) 324-3000 Sample Fake CIA Email Heres email text contributed anonymously on Nov. 21, 2005: Dear Sir/Madam,We have logged your IP-address on more than 30 illegal Websites.Important:Please answer our questions! The list of questions are attached.Yours faithfully,Steven AllisonCentral Intelligence Agency -CIA-Office of Public AffairsWashington, D.C. 20505phone: (703) 482-06237:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., US Eastern time Sources and further reading: FBI Alerts Public to Email ScamFBI press release, February 22, 2005 Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-17977833216442486202019-11-21T00:50:00.001-08:002019-11-21T00:50:05.923-08:00Underage drinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsUnderage drinking - Essay Example A statistical voyage through this social malady would be more helpful to understand the inherent danger that under age drinking possess to our society. It has been estimated that each year around five thousand young people succumb to underage drinking. Here underage implies age below 21. Among these 5000 ill fortunate young blood, crash in motor vehicle claims 1900 lives, 1600 dies of murder and 300 ends their own lives. Ironically this high number of life casualty seems to have little effect on opening our eyes to this great danger that looms around our society. A survey among youths that has been carried on during 2005 revealed that 75% of the 12th graders, well over 66% of the 10th graders and 40% of the 8th graders are addicted to alcohol. More alarming fact is that heavy drinking or binge drinking as it is popularly known is a common phenomenon among 29% of 12th graders, 22% of 10th graders and 11% of 8th graders. Consuming alcohol rapidly such as more than four to five drinks w ithin two hours increases the blood alcohol concentration to an unprecedented high level of 0.08 grams%; this can initiate erratic behavior on behalf of the concerned underage person. Interestingly knowing all these have only led to the decline of the age of alcohol consumption over the years. As an example in the year 1965 the average age of beginners of alcohol was 17 and half. In 2003 the age of the first timer regarding alcohol has declined to 14. Such a decrease in first timer age regarding alcohol consumption reflects a grave social problem, as it has been observed that people who start early with alcohol, especially before the age of 15 are four times more prone to grow alcohol dependency (severe alcoholism) at some point of their lives (especially during the middle ages). Again such dependency often precedes middle age and starts quite early at young age and might be even during the adolescents. Moreover early drinkers are more likely to be socially maladjusted and cause har m to others as well as themselves. Risky behaviours such as taking illegal drugs like marijuana, cocaine and others are more likely to be found among early drinkers. Changing of sex partners and simultaneously having sex with more than one person is also more common among underage drinkers. They also have been found to get poor grade in schools and Ds and Fs are common among them. It is worth keeping in mind that the associated problems with underage drinking that have been discussed so far expose one million high school students all over America to great danger as the number associated with underage drinking in America has been found around that figure. (Alcohol Alert, 2006) Questions might be asked that even after knowing the consequences why such practise among youths is growing day by day? According to scientists and psychologists, teenage is an age when a person seeks adventure and tries to explore the unknown, if he or she considers alcohol among those unexplored horizons then they might feel attracted to alcohol as well. Through out the adolescence conception regarding alcohol undergoes several changes. It starts with a negative feeling regarding alcohol consumption at the age of 9 but strangely by 13 they consider it as holding something fairy within itself and thatââ¬â¢s when the problem began. It has also been observed that youth with troublesome nature and aggression as a main type of characteristic, anxious, lonesome and upset tend to consume alcohol at a much early age than others. It has been observed Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-69987797470335141302019-11-19T08:01:00.001-08:002019-11-19T08:01:03.436-08:00Trainee Evaluation for Advocacy Council Inc AssignmentTrainee Evaluation for Advocacy Council Inc - Assignment Example This is probably meant to make the respondents become more open and provide information that could be used for the future improvement of the program (Fondern, 2006). à Instructions are indeed available at the beginning of the survey. The message here directs the respondents on the procedure of how the questionnaire is supposed to be filled. For instance, in the beginning, respondents are advised to circle as appropriate (Fondern, 2006). à Data in these survey is gathered by use of a questionnaire containing questions that the respondents are expected to answer. The questions are a structured in accordance with the objects of the evaluation process (Fondern, 2006). à The shortest item has only four words present. That is, ââ¬Å"The presentation was clear.â⬠The longest item, on the other hand, has eleven words. That is, ââ¬Å"I have acquired knowledge that I can transfer to my practiceâ⬠(Fondern, 2006). à There are thirteen items on the survey to be filled. However, based on the nature of the questions, the survey may take the respondent less than twenty minutes to complete. This is because some of the questions only require the respondent to circle as appropriate (Fondern, 2006). à Describe the statistical analysis that will most likely be utilized to analyze the various types of data acquired from the survey. It is possible that more than one analysis will be necessary! For example, frequencies, percentages, qualitative or perhaps all of these. à Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5148605607167914129.post-58237252606781410152019-11-16T20:32:00.001-08:002019-11-16T20:32:05.215-08:00Mills Utilitarianism Essay Example for Free Mills Utilitarianism Essay In the beginning of Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill states that throughout history very little progress has been made towards developing a set of moral standards to judge what is morally right or wrong. Although a certain disagreement about such foundations can also be found in the most ââ¬Å"certainâ⬠sciences, in those areas truths can still have meaning without understanding the principles underlying them. On the other hand, in philosophy, where all actions exist to proceed towards a particular end, statements unfounded upon a general principle have very little validity. Therefore Mill says that in order to know what morality dictates, it is necessary to know by what standard human actions should be judged. He rejects the idea of a moral instinct inherent in human mind, which supplies us with this ability to judge. Even if such a sense would exist, it wouldnââ¬â¢t show us whether something is right or wrong in a particular matter. Instead, Mill assumes that right and wrong are questions of experience and he tries to show that the principle of utility or ââ¬Å"the greatest happiness principleâ⬠is the foundation of this distinction. In Chapter two, Mill tries to reply to some common misconceptions about utilitarianism. He claims that many people mistake utility as the rejection of pleasures, whereas in reality, it is pleasure itself, promoting happiness. He thus defines utilitarianism as the creed which ââ¬Å"holds that actions are right in the proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happinessâ⬠. Accordingly pleasure and absence of pain are the only goals that are inherently good and desirable in themselves. Every other action or experience is only insofar good as it promotes pleasure. However, it is wrong to assume people should only do what makes them personally happy. Instead the standard of judging an act is the happiness of all people. Therefore people shouldnââ¬â¢t distinguish between their own happiness and the happiness of others. The motives underlying a certain act are of no importance in utilitarianism. Instead only the results of our conduct, or more specifically the impact on the general happiness, are to consider. In continuing, Mill states that some pleasures are more valuable than others, so not only the quantity but also the quality of pleasures resulting from a certain act determines its moral rightness. We can experience this difference in quality when we give one pleasure a clear preference over another, although it comes along with a greater amount of discomfort, and would not dismiss it for any quantity of the other pleasure. Mill claims that, given equal access to all kinds of pleasures, every man or woman gives priority to those employing their higher faculties. Appropriately he writes that â⬠it is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied; better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied. And if the fool, or the pig, is of a different opinion, it is because they only know their own side of the question. Thus only people who have experienced both the higher and the lower pleasures are qualified to judge the quality of a pleasure. But by what extent are pleasures measurable or comparable? And what is it that makes a ââ¬Å"higherâ⬠pleasure superior over a ââ¬Å"lowerâ⬠? Another criticism Mill responds to is that happiness canââ¬â¢t be the goal of human actions, since itââ¬â¢s unattainable. Moreover, detractors of the utilitarian moral state that a life without happiness is quite possible, and all noble beings have become virtuous by renunciation. Mill objects that if happiness is defined as moments of rapture, ââ¬Å"in an existence made up of few and transitory painsâ⬠and not as a ââ¬Å"continuity of highly pleasurable excitementâ⬠happiness is quite attainable. The only reason why mankind is not yet in this condition of happiness is because our education and our social arrangements are inadequate. Concerning the objection that virtuous men renounced happiness Mill asserts that those noble men acted as martyrs, sacrificing their own happiness in order to increase the happiness of other people. However, such a sacrifice is not in itself an act of good but only insofar as it helps others. Mill presents a couple of other misapprehensions of utilitarian ethics, which he says are obviously wrong but which many people nevertheless believe. First, utilitarianism is often accused to be godless, because its foundation is human happiness, and not the will of god. But if we assume that god desires in the first instance the happiness of his creatures, then utilitarianism is more profoundly religious than any other doctrine. Another objection holds that there is not enough time to outweigh the effects on the general happiness prior to every action taken. Mill replies that such a claim also implies that if our conduct is guided by Christianity weââ¬â¢d have to read the Old and New Testament every time before we act. Obviously this is not possible. Instead he asserts that we had the entire duration of human existence to learn by experience which actions lead to certain results. The last critique Mill responds to is that utilitarianism legitimates immoral tendencies by justifying the break of rules by referring to an increase of utility. He replies that this problem can not only be found in utilitarianism but also in every other creed. Does this argument really dispel misconceptions about utilitarianism? In the beginning of chapter three Mill asserts that every moral philosophy needs some source of obligation in order to be binding. Regarding utilitarianism this binding force consists of internal and external sanctions. External sanctions include ââ¬Å"the hope of favour and the fear of displeasure from our fellow creatures or from the Ruler of the Universeâ⬠. Internal sanctions on the other hand, are feelings in our own conscience and create a pain if we violate duty. This second type of sanction is considered to be more powerful. Thus to provide a force which is binding enough to influence peopleââ¬â¢s conduct, utilitarianism needs to appeal to peopleââ¬â¢s inner sentiment. Mill claims that in fact every moral sentiment could be cultivated, no matter how bad it is. However such ââ¬Å"artificialâ⬠feelings, will eventually crumble when they are analyzed thoroughly. The utilitarian morality on the other hand, emerges as a particularly strong foundation because itââ¬â¢s consistent with the social nature of human sentiments: every one of us has an innate ââ¬Å"desire to be in unity with our fellow creaturesâ⬠. Mill finally emphasizes that this natural sentiment needs to be nourished through education and law. [ 1 ]. John Stuart, Mill, Utilitarianism, ed. Mary Waldrep (Mineola: Dover Publications, Inc. , 2007), 1. [ 2 ]. Mill, 6. [ 3 ]. Mill, 8. [ 4 ]. Mill, 11. [ 5 ]. Mill, 11. [ 6 ]. Mill, 24. [ 7 ]. Mill, 27. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0