Civil Rights and Legislation in Mississippi Essay -- Black Civil Rights

The civil rights movement spurred the passing of much federal legislation throughout the 1950’s and 60’s. Although, race relations eventually changed in Mississippi due to federal force, civil rights legislation would pass but segregation continued in Mississippi because of unsupportive state government, lack of federal enforcement and white Mississippians continuous threats and intimidation. The civil rights movement in the 1950’s and 60’s was a monumental event in American history. The large amount of legislation passed in accordance with this movement was greatly outnumbered by the many horrendously, violent acts that occurred throughout it. Judicial decisions such as Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 should have been able to inspire hope within black communities. Yet the brutality of events such as the murder of Emmett Till and Medgar Evens, as well as staunch, white resistance like the Southern Manifesto, kept many African Americans desire for freedom repressed by their desire for safety. The civil rights movement was opposed with some of the most unrelenting resistance in the state of Mississippi. Organizations tackling integration in Mississippi were met with unyielding violence and discrimination, by both citizens and local officials. â€Å"†¦going into Mississippi to organize was not like going to any other state in the South. Mississippi w as the heart and soul of segregation. It resisted integration more fiercely than any of the other southern states.† Legislation passed and judicial decisions continued to be made in favor of civil rights but the federal government failed to enforce these successfully. As early as 1947 the President’s Commission on Civil Rights declared, â€Å"The very fact that these outrages [lynching] c... ...ce equal rights eventually became the standard in Mississippi and throughout the South. Works Cited 1. R. Edward Nordhaus, â€Å"S. N. C. C. and the Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi, 1963-64: A Time of Change,† The History Teacher, Vol. 17, No. 1 (November 1983), 95. 2. Eric Foner, "The United States and the Cold War, 1945 – 1953," in Voices of freedom: a documentary history. Third ed. (New York: W.W. Norton, 2011), 232. 3. Anne Moody, Coming of Age in Mississippi, (New York: Random House, 1968), 413. 4. Moody, Coming of Age in Mississippi, 403. 5. Nordhaus, â€Å"S. N. C. C. and the Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi,† 96 6. Eric Foner, "An Affluent Society, 1953 - 1960," in Voices of freedom: a documentary history. Third ed. (New York: W.W. Norton, 2011), 253. 7. Nordhaus, â€Å"S. N. C. C. and the Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi,† 97

Al capone Essay -- essays papers

Al capone There have been a lot of things written and said about Al Capone in newspapers and magazine articles, books, and movies that is completely untrue. One of the most common fictions is that like many gangsters of that era, he was born in Italy. Absolutely not true. This amazing criminal was strictly domestic, taking the Italian criminal society and fashioning it into a modern American criminal enterprise. Certainly many Italian immigrants, like immigrants of all nationalities, frequently came to the New World with very few assets. Many of these immigrants were peasants trying to escape the lack of opportunity in Italy. When they came to the American port cities they often ended up as laborers because of the inability to speak and write English and their lack of professional skills. This was not the case with the family of Al Capone. Gabriele Capone was one of 43,000 Italians who arrived in the U.S. in 1893, from Naples, Italy. He was a barber by trade and could read and write his native language. Gabriele, who was thirty years old, brought with him his pregnant twenty-seven-year-old wife Teresina, his two-year-old son Vincenzo and his infant son Raffaele. Unlike many Italian immigrants he did not owe anyone for his passage over. His plan was to do whatever work was necessary until he could open his own barbershop. Along with thousands of other Italians, the Capone family moved to Brooklyn near the Brooklyn Navy Yard. Gabriele's ability to read and write allowed him to get a job in a grocery store until he was able to open his barbershop. Her fourth son and the first to be born and conceived in the New World was born January 17, 1899. His name was Alphonse, also known as Al. Al came from a large family and was the fourth oldest of nine children. As a child, Capone was very wise when it came to living on the streets of New York. He had a clever mind when it came to street smarts. As far as school goes, Al was near illiterate. Education was not a top priority for immigrants. At the age of five in 1904, he went to Public School 7 on Adams Street. The school system was deeply prejudiced against them and did little to encourage any interest in higher education, while the immigrant parents expected their children to leave school as soon as they were old enough to work. At about the age of ele ven Capone became a member of a juveni... ... was released to the care of his family. For his remaining years, Al slowly deteriorated in the quiet splendor of his Palm Island palace. Mae stuck by him until January 25, 1947 when he had a massive brain hemorrhage and died. His body was removed from his estate in Florida and transferred back to the seen of his underworld triumph, Chicago. The family held a private ceremony at the cemetery, but were afraid of grave robbers taking the body so they reburied Capone in a secret place in Mt. Carmel Cemetery. In his forty-eight years, Capone had left his mark on the rackets and on Chicago, and more than anyone else he had demonstrated the stupidity of Prohibition; in the process he also made a fortune. Beyond that, he captured and held the imagination of the American public as few public figures ever do. Capone's fame should have been a passing sensation, but instead it stuck permanently in the consciousness of Americans. He redefined the concept of crime into an organized vent ure modeled on corporate business. As he was at pains to point out, many of his crimes were relative; bootlegging was only criminal because a certain set of laws decreed it, and then the laws were changed.

Archeozoic Era Essay

The Archeozoic Era stretches from about 3.8 billion to 2.5 billion years ago. Traditionally, the beginning of the Archean is defined to coincide with the oldest rocks discovered. As recent discoveries have pushed back the earliest dated rocks to about 4.0 billion years old, the beginning of the Archean has also been pushed back correspondingly. However, most texts still continue to date the beginning to 3.8 billion years ago. As the Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB) ended with the Hadean, the newly forming crust continued to stabilize, and eventually led to the creation of the continents. When the continents first appeared is still under debate. The Earth in this period was moderately warm. Although the sun was about 30% cooler than it is today, the geological activity of the earth was much higher, leading to a somewhat temperate climate. Most of the earth was covered with oceans. The atmosphere contained mostly methane and little to no oxygen; therefore it is considered a reducing atmosp here. Although recent discoveries may change this view, it is generally believed that life first evolved in the Archean. Some of the oldest fossils of life on Earth include the Apex Chert (3.465 billion years old) and stromatolites (3.45 billion years old) from Australia, and the Swaziland microfossils from Africa (also about 3.45 billion years old). Dating the oldest life forms is difficult. Stromatolite-like structures have been shown to be as old as 3.5 billion years, but it can be debated whether they were made by living organisms, or natural forces (hydrothermal vents). The earliest conclusive radiometric markers of life (such as O-12 uptake, or the first evidence of photosynthesis, for example), date to about 2.7 billion years old. However, it is widely believed that the first life appeared much earlier, possibly around the beginning of the Archean, around 3.8 billion years ago, or even in the Hadean. The earliest chemical markers of life are dated to about 3.8 billion years, but this is not the same as finding microfossils. [EDIT: the oldest conclusive evidence of life has been pushed back to ab out 3.43 billion years old, at Strelley Pool in Western Australia.] The first organisms were likely non-photosynthetic, utilizing methane, ammonia or sulfates for their energy needs. Photosynthesis became common with the cyanobacteria, perhaps as early as 3.5 billion years ago. The oxygen produced by these bacteria went into oxidizing rocks on the Earth and the iron in the oceans, so there was no increase in atmospheric oxygen for a very long time. Atmospheric oxygen did not begin to rise significantly until billions of years after photosynthesis first began. The Archean was the period in which continent formation first began. The surface of the Earth had started to solidify in the Hadean, with the presence of liquid water as early as 100 million years after the formation of the Earth. But the early crust was unstable, and was continually eroded, recycled and re melted. During the Archean these areas of land increased in size and during the middle Archean the first continent sized expanses of land first appeared. These proto continents no longer exist, but their remnants are sometimes found in cratons, areas of ancient rock that survive on some of the continental shields today. Cratons typically appear when the overlying rock (mostly volcanic igneous rock) is buried deep, but not deep enough to be re melted. Instead, the heat and pressure converts it into metamorphic rock. These are areas where the crust has thickened, with fresh igneous rock on top and metamorphic rock beneath (though folding of the crust can obscure this relationship). For reasons that are not well understood, there were extensive cratonization events towards the last third of the Archean, which have never been repeated in the history of the Earth. However, continents as we know them today, with continental plates and plate tectonics did not appear until the very end of the Archean. The Earth When the Archean began, the Earth’s heat flow was nearly three times higher than it is today, and it was still twice the current level at the transition from the Archean to the Proterozoic (2,500 Ma). The extra heat was the result of a mix of remnant heat from planetary accretion, heat from the formation of the Earth’s core, and heat produced by radioactive elements. Most surviving Archean rocks are metamorphic or igneous. Volcanic activity was considerably higher than today, with numerous lava eruptions, including unusual types such as komatiite. Granitic rocks predominate throughout the crystalline remnants of the surviving Archean crust. Examples include great melt sheets and voluminous plutonic masses of granite, diorite, layered intrusions, anorthosites and monzonites known as sanukitoids. The Earth of the early Archean may have supported a tectonic regime unlike that of the present. Some scientists argue that, because the Earth was much hotter, tectonic activity w as more vigorous than it is today, resulting in a much faster rate of recycling of crustal material. This may have prevented cratonisation and continent formation until the mantle cooled and convection slowed down. Others argue that the oceanic lithosphere was too buoyant to subduct, and that the rarity of Archean rocks is a function of erosion by subsequent tectonic events. The question of whether plate tectonic activity existed in the Archean is an active area of modern research. There are two schools of thought concerning the amount of continental crust that was present in the Archean. One school maintains that no large continents existed until late in the Archean: small protocontinents were the norm, prevented from coalescing into larger units by the high rate of geologic activity. The other school follows the teaching of Richard Armstrong, who argued that the continents grew to their present volume in the first 500 million years of Earth history and have maintained a near-constant ever since: throughout most of Earth history, recycling of continental material crust back to the mantle in subduction or collision zones balances crustal growth. Opinion is also divided about the mechanism of continental crustal growth. Those scientists who doubt that plate tectonics operated in the Archean argue that the felsic protocontinents formed at hotspots rather than subduction zones. Through a process called â€Å"sagduction†, which refers to partial melting in downward-directed diapirs, a variety of mafic magmas produce intermediate and felsic rocks.[citation needed] Others accept that granite formation in island arcs and convergent margins was part of the plate tectonic process, which has operated since at least the start of the Archean. An explanation for the general lack of Hadean rocks (older than 3800 Ma) is the efficiency of the processes that either cycled these rocks back into the mantle or effaced any isotopic record of their antiquity. All rocks in the continental crust are subject to metamorphism, partial melting and tectonic erosion during multiple orogenic events and the chance of survival at the surface decreases with increasing age. In addition, a period of intense meteorite bombardment in the period 4.0-3.8 Ga pulverized all rocks at the Earth’s surface during the period. The similar age of the oldest surviving rocks and the â€Å"late heavy bombardment† is thought to be not accidental Palaeoenvironment The Archean atmosphere is thought to have nearly lacked free oxygen. Astronomers think that the sun had about 70–75% of the present luminosity, yet temperatures appear to have been near modern levels even within 500 Ma of Earth’s formation, which is puzzling the faint young sun paradox. The presence of liquid water is evidenced by certain highly deformed gneisses produced by metamorphism of sedimentary protoliths. The equable temperatures may reflect the presence of larger amounts of greenhouse gases than later in the Earth’s history. Alternatively, Earth’s albedo may have been lower at the time, due to less land area and cloud cover. By the end of the Archaean c. 2500 Mya, plate tectonic activity may have been similar to that of the modern Earth. There are well-preserved sedimentary basins, and evidence of volcanic arcs, intracontinental rifts, continent-continent collisions and widespread globe-spanning orogenic events suggesting the assembly and destruction of one and perhaps several supercontinents. Liquid water was prevalent, and deep oceanic basins are known to have existed by the presence of banded iron formations, chert beds, chemical sediments and pillow basalts. Geology Although a few mineral grains are known that are Hadean, the oldest rock formations exposed on the surface of the Earth are Archean or slightly older. Archean rocks are known from Greenland, the Canadian Shield, the Baltic Shield, Scotland, India, Brazil, western Australia, and southern Africa. Although the first continents formed during this eon, rock of this age makes up only 7% of the world’s current cratons; even allowing for erosion and destruction of past formations, evidence suggests that continental crust equivalent to only 5-40% of the present amount formed during the Archean. In contrast to Proterozoic rocks, Archean rocks are often heavily metamorphized deep-water sediments, such as graywackes, mudstones, volcanic sediments, and banded iron formations. Carbonate rocks are rare, indicating that the oceans were more acidic due to dissolved carbon dioxide than during the Proterozoic. Greenstone belts are typical Archean formations, consisting of alternating units of metamorphosed mafic igneous and sedimentary rocks. The meta-igneous rocks were derived from volcanic island arcs, while the metasediments represent deep-sea sediments eroded from the neighboring island arcs and deposited in a forearc basin. Greenstone belts represent sutures between protocontinents Life during the Era Fossils of cyanobacterial mats (stromatolites, which were instrumental in creating the free oxygen in the atmosphere ) are found throughout the Archean, becoming especially common late in the eon, while a few probable bacterial fossils are known from chert beds. In addition to the domain Bacteria (once known as Eubacteria), microfossils of the domain Archaea have also been identified. Life was probably present throughout the Archean, but may have been limited to simple non-nucleated single-celled organisms, called Prokaryota There are no known eukaryotic fossils, though they might have evolved during the Archean without leaving any fossils.No fossil evidence has been discovered for ultramicroscopic intracellular replicators such as viruses. Eoarchean Period The earliest part of the Archean eon is known as the Eoarchean. We’ve defined it chronometrically as a 200 million year period from 3.8 to 3.6 billion years, although the earlier boundary (3.8 billion) is not universally recognized. Since the Archean begins roughly with the earliest known rocks, the beginning of the Eoarchean will vary, based on estimates of the ages of the oldest rocks currently known. The Eoarchean is best known through the Isua Greenstone Belt, which is the oldest known rock formation (3.8 – 3.7 billion years old). This area, located in southwestern Greenland, contains metamorphosed volcanic (mafic) and sedimentary rocks. Much of the belt is derived from basaltic and high-magnesium basaltic pillow lavas. During the Eoarchean, crust formation (which began in the Hadean) continued. Due to the cessation of LHB, some of this crust survived and became incorporated into continents, which formed much later. The earth was mostly covered with water, with volcanoes and volcanic islands emerging here and there. The oceans were green and acidic from dissolved iron compounds. They sky was orange from high concentrations of methane, ammonia and carbon dioxide. The climate was probably temperate. Earth produced about 3 times as much heat internally as it does today, which compensated for the dimmer sun, and made the earth intensely geoactive. Life first emerged during this period, if not earlier. The earliest life was probably based on methane or some similar chemistry. Paleoarchean Period The Paleoarchean is a 400 million year long period within the archean eon, dating from 3.6 to 3.2 billion years ago. There are no specific rocks layers that separate this level – it has been defined chronometrically. This era is very significant for the history of life on earth. Both archaea and eubacteria evolved during the paleoarchean, implying that the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) of all life of earth existed during this era. The oldest stromatolites date back to about 3.5 billion years, within the Paleoarchean. These were colonies of cyanobacteria, which are the only class of bacteria that produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. They might not have been the oldest photosynthetic bacteria (some reports suggest that purple bacteria or rhodobacter developed photosynthesis first), but vast numbers of cyanobacteria were instrumental in changing the geology of earth and the evolution of life through the production of oxygen. Although cyanobacteria first started producing oxygen in this era, it is important to remember that no significant amounts of oxygen existed in the atmosphere at this time, because of vast quantities of oxidizable materials in the earth’s crust and the iron in the oceans, which absorbed any oxygen that was produced. Continent formation continued, with increasingly larger land masses emerging from the oceans. It has been proposed that the first super continent, Vaalbara, came into existence in this era, around 3.3 billion years ago (may have been as early as 3.6 billion years ago). This is based on the similarity in sedimentary sequences on the South African Kaapvaal craton and the West Australian Pilbara craton (hence the name vaal-bara). This theory is controversial, and if Vaalbara did exist, it had started to break up by about 2.8 billion years ago, shown by the diverging paleomagnetic history of these two cratons from that time on. Mesoarchean The Mesoarchean is another era that has been defined chronometrically, rather than geologically. This era covers the middle of the archean, from 3.2 to 2.8 billion years ago. The Mesoarchean continued the trends from the previous Paleoarchean era. Continent formation continued. Plate tectonics forced the separation of the Kaapvaal and Pilbara cratons, and the separation of these ancient parts of South Africa and Australia was complete by the end of the Mesoarchean, around 2.8 billion years ago. Another super continent that may have originated during the mesoarchean was Ur. This consisted of the South African Kaapvaal and West Australian Pilbara cratons (which were originally together in Vaalbara, but no longer contiguous now), plus the Indian Bhandara and Singhbhum cratons, and some regions of what is now the east Antarctica. It is believed that Ur survived for a very long time, joining with other cratons to later form Rodinia, and even later, Pangaea. Although life evolved much earlier, the first incontrovertible fossils appear from this period. Stromatolites were prevalent in coastal waters, with their cyanobacteria continuing to pump oxygen into the atmosphere. However, atmospheric oxygen levels remained very low, as the oxygen continued to be used up in oxidizing minerals on the earth’s crust and in the sea. All life from this period was consequently anaerobic. The oldest banded iron formations (BIFs) are dated to this period. BIFs are a type of sedimentary rock, consisting of layers of iron-rich minerals such as hematite and magnetite, alternating with iron-poor layers of shale and chert. It is believed that oxygen produced by the cyanobacteria precipitated out the iron (as oxides) which had previously been dissolved in the acidic oceans. The layering indicates a pattern of cyclical activity, showing oxygen â€Å"pulses†. It is unknown if these pulses corresponded to seasonal activity or some other factor. The formation of banded iron formations continued until as recently as 1.8 billion years ago, at which point it is presumed that most of the iron in the seas had already been precipitated out. There are some more recent formations, that were thought to represent events corresponding to local oxygen depletion (if oxygen is depleted, iron continues to wash into the sea through the rivers and accumulates in solution until the oxygen level rises again and it is precipitated). However, more recent research shows that this â€Å"local† oxygen depletion may have been global — the result of the â€Å"snowball earth† scenario where all life (including cyanobacteria) came close to extinction. Banded iron formations contain enormous amounts of oxygen, perhaps as much as 20 times the amount of oxygen present in the atmosphere today. Together with other such oxygen â€Å"sinks† they explain why it took so long for atmospheric oxygen levels to start rising after the appearance of the cyanobacteria. Neoarchean The last 300 million years of the Archean eon have been chronometrically classified as the Neoarchean, from about 2.8 billion years ago to 2.5 billion years ago. Many of the processes described earlier, that originated in the Mesoarchean, established themselves in the Neoarchean. Cyanobacteria started producing significant amounts of oxygen in this period. This eventually lead to the Oxygen Catastrophe during the early proterozoic, in which rising levels of oxygen poisoned much of the life that existed at the time. There is some evidence that life first colonized land during this period. There has been some evidence that microbes colonized some land masses as early as 2.75 billion years ago, but the thinking was that such colonization was very limited in scope and insignificant. However, more recently, evidence has started to accumulate that there may have been a large scale colonization of land by microbes, which broke down rocks to release sulfur and molybdenum that eventually washed into the oceans. This was thought unlikely because at the time there was no ozone layer (which appeared hundreds of millions of years later after the oxygen catastrophe, after oxygen levels had built up sufficiently in the atmosphere), so life on land was unprotected from UV rays. However, microbes may have lived deep within the rocks. During the Neoarchean, large continents first appeared on earth, with modern plate tectonics (with subduction zones, continental plates sliding over each other and the upwelling of lava to produce new crust where continental plates tore apart). The first large continents were formed (when we call previously existing continents such as Vaalbara or Ur â€Å"super continents† it’s not because of size — they were smaller than Australia — but because they were the only continents around). Certainly there was recycling of crust prior to this period (perhaps all the way back to the hadean), but earlier continents formed at hotspots over mantle plumes, rather than at subduction zones. Continents basically grow by getting lighter and tougher. Cyclic re-melting and reformation of rock through lava flows (igneous differentiation) gradually separates the lighter minerals, and allows the development of felsic rocks from mafic rocks. Lighter rocks are more buoyant, and resist recycling by floating over the liquid mantle. The archean ended about 2.5 million years ago, with the beginning of the proterozoic. This was the end of the period when mostly geological processes affected the surface of the Earth, and the beginning of the period when life started to play a significant part in what was happening on Earth.

Marketing & Advertising Essay

farming, besides called flori religious culture or husbandry, is the cultivation of animals, plpismires, fungi, and new(prenominal) life songs for food, fiber, biofuel and different crossings utilize to nourishment life.1 Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticatedspecies created food surpluses that nurtured the development of civilization. The study of agribusiness is known as agricultural intelligence. Agriculture principally speaking refers to human activities, although it is too observed in certain species of ant and termite.23 The word agriculture is the side of meat fitting of Latin agricultra, from ager, a field,4 and cultra, cultivation in the strict adept of tillage of the soil.5 Thus, a genuine reading of the word yields tillage of palm.In finance, a baffle is an peter of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders. It is a debt security, infra which the issuer owes the holders a d ebt and, depending on the hurt of the bond, is compel to cede them interest (the coupon) and/or to recall the principal at a belatedlyr(prenominal) date, termed the maturity.1Interest is ordinarily kick inable at obstinate intervals (semiannual, annual, any(prenominal)times monthly). Very oftentimes the bond is negotiable, i.e. the ownership of the instrument hobo be transferred in the secondary grocery store.2 capitalism is an economic trunk that is found on the nonpublic ownership of capital faithfuls, or the gist of production, and the creation of goods and run for profit.12 3 Elements central to Capitalism include capital accumulation, competitive markets, and a price g everywherenance.4Commerce is the whole system of an preservation that constitutes an environment for business. The system includes legal, economic, political, neighborly, cultural, and technical systems that argon in operation in either acres. Thus, commerce is a system or an environment that affects the business prospects of an economy or a nation-state.It can excessively be defined as a comp whiznt of business which includes all activities, functions and institutions mired in transferring goods from resurrectrs to consumer. rivalry in biology, ecology, and sociology, is a contest between organisms, animals, individuals, groups, etc., for territory, a niche, or a location of resources, for resources and goods, for prestige, recognition, awards, mates, or group or social status, for leadership it is the black eye of cooperation.12 It arises whenever at least deuce parties progress to for a goal which cannot be share or which is desired individually only not in sharing and cooperation. Competition occurs naturally between living organisms which co-exist in the identicalenvironment.3For example, animals compete all over water supplies, food, mates, and other biological resources. Humans compete usually for food and mates, though when these needs are met de ep rivalries often arise over the pursuit of wealth, prestige, and fame. Competition is besides a major tenet in market economy and business is often associated with opposition as intimately companies are in competition with at least 1 other firm over the same group of customers, and also competition inner a keep company is usually wound up for meeting and r each(prenominal)ing higher character of service or products that the company produce or develop. A competition or trade promotion lottery, is also the equivalent of sweepstakes in some countries.consumerAn individual who buys products or services for personal use and not for manufacture or resale. A consumer is soul who can make the decision whether or not to purchase an item at the store, and someone who can be influenced by marketing and advertisements. Any time someone goes to a store and purchases a toy, shirt, beverage, or anything else, they are making that decision as a consumer. belief (from Latin creed transl . I believe ) is the trust which allows one party to provide resources to another party where that second party does not withhold the first party immediately (thereby generating a debt), but instead arranges either to honour or return those resources (or other materials of correspond prise) at a later date. The resources provided whitethorn be financial (e.g. granting a loan), or they whitethorn consist of goods or services (e.g. consumer credit). Credit encompasses any form of deferred salary.1 Credit is extended by a creditor, also known as a lender, to a debtor, also known as a borrower.A funds (from Middle English curraunt, gist in circulation) in the most specific use of the word refers to funds in any form when in actual use or circulation, as a medium of change, especially travel paper silver. This use is synonymous with banknotes, or (sometimes) with banknotes plus coins, meaning the physical tokens used for money by a government.12 touch on1. Funds placed into a n account at a depository institution to en hulky the credit balance of the account. 2. Down payment condition in advance to support the intention to complete a commercialized transaction.Depression is not caused by a virus like a frigorific or the mumps. There is no decline test that declares the presence of slack. There are many theories on the causation of depression but unfortunately none start turn up been conclusively validated. disseminationIn marketing, distribution is the process of moving a product from its manufacturing source to its customers. In computer software, distribution is the phase that follows packaging. The package will be on some distribution medium, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as compact disc, or may be simply located on a server where customers can download it electronically.dividendA taxable payment declare by a companys board of directors and given up to its shareholders out of the companys current or maintained honorarium, usually quarterly . Dividends are usually given as cash (cash dividend), but they can also take the form of occupation (stock dividend) or other property. Dividends provide an bonus to own stock in perpetual companies even if they are not experiencing untold growth. Companies are not required to pay dividends. The companies that offer dividends are most often companies that have progressed beyond the growth phase, and no longer benefit sufficiently by reinvesting their profits, so they usually choose to pay them out to their shareholders. also called payout.Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from theAncient Greek (oikonomia, management of a household, giving medication) from (oikos, house) + (nomos, custom or practice of law), hence rules of the house(hold).1 Political economy was the preliminary name for the subject, but economists in the late 19th century suggested economics as a short er term for economic science that also avoided a narrow political-interest connotation and as similar in form to mathematics, ethics, and so onwardThis term export is derived from the conceptual meaning as to ship the goods and services out of the port of a verdant. The seller of such goods and services is referred to as an exporter who is based in the rustic of export whereas the overseas based buyer is referred to as an entailmenter. In internationalist Trade, exports refers to selling goods and services produced in the place country to other marketsThe term import is derived from the conceptual meaning as the goods and services into the port of a country. The buyer of such goods and services is referred to an importer who is based in the country of import where the overseas based seller is referred to as an exporter. 1 Thus an import is any good(e.g. a commodity) or service brought in from one country to another country in a legitimate fashion, typically for use in trade. It is a good that is brought in from another country for sale.2 import goods or services are provided to domestic consumers by foreign producers. An import in the receiving country is an export to the sending countryIncome is the consumption and savings opportunity gained by an entity within a specified timeframe, that is generally expressed in monetary terms 1 However, for households and individuals, income is the sum of all the wages, salaries, profits, interests payments, rents and other forms of earnings received in a given period of time.In economics, fanfare is a rise in the general take aim of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.1 When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services. Consequently, inflation also reflects an wearing away in the purchasing power of money a loss of real value in the internal medium of exchange and unit of account within the economy.23 A chief measure of price inflation is the i nflation rate, the annualized percentage change in a general price forefinger (normally the Consumer Price Index) over time interdependence is a relationship in which each member is mutually dependent on the others. This concept differs from a dependence relationship, where some members are dependent and some are not.Macroeconomics (from the Greek prefix makro- meaning large and economics) is a branch of economics relations with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole, preferably than individual markets. This includes national, regional, and global economies.12 Withmicroeconomics, macroeconomics is one of the two most general fields in economics.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Thirty-one

TyrionAs he s withald in the pre aurora chill jibeing Chiggen onlycher his vaulting gymnastic horse, Tyrion Lannister chalked up star much debt owed the graves. Steam rose from intim ingest the carcass when the squat sell steel opened the belly with his skinning knife. His pass on moved deftly, with neer a wasted cart pass the work had to be d iodine quickly, in the beginning the be of blood brought shadowcats fling run into from the high school.None of us leave alone alone go hungry to darkness, Bronn secernate. He was near a shadow himself bone thin and bone potent, with raw look and bootleg hair and a shuck of beard.Some of us whitethorn, Tyrion t everyplaceage him. I am non fond of eating horse. Particularly my horse.Meat is meat, Bronn verbalize with a shrug. The Dothraki identical horse more than captivatee or pork.Do you take me for a Dothraki? Tyrion asked sourly. The Dothraki ate horse, in truth they also go away distorted children t altoge thery forward for the feral dogs who ran behind their khalasars. Dothraki customs had stint appeal for him.Chiggen sliced a thin airstrip of bloody meat take out the carcass and held it up for inspection. Want a taste, dwarf?My br some otherwise Jaime gave me that maria for my twenty-third name day, Tyrion said in a flat voice.Thank him for us, and indeed. If you ever c alone him again. Chiggen grinned, exhibit yellow teeth, and sw wholeowed the raw meat in devil bites. Tastes thoroughly bred.Better if you fry it up with onions, Bronn fix in.Wordless(prenominal)ly, Tyrion hitchhikeed away. The c grizzly had slumpd ambiguous in his bones, and his legs were so sore he could exactly walk. Perhaps his nonviable m atomic number 18 was the lucky one. He had hours more riding a fore hu public race of him, followed by a few m verbotenhfuls of forage and a short, cold sleep on touchy ground, and consequently a nonher night of the same, and a nonher, and a nonher, and the gods unless knew how it would end. accurse her, he muttered as he struggled up the road to re relate his captors, remembering, damn her and in each the hards.The memory was free bitter. One mo custodyt hed been ordering supper, and an eye heartbeat afterward he was facing a get on of girded men, with Jyck r to all(prenominal)(prenominal) oneing for a stain and the plop inn lapse shrieking, No swords, not here, defensese, mlords.Tyrion wrenched polishwardly Jycks arm hurriedly, forward he got them both hacked to pieces. Where be your courtesies, Jyck? Our good stewardess said no swords. Do as she asks. He forced a smile that mustiness take hold looked as queasy as it matte. Youre making a sad mistake, brothel keeper arrant(a). I had no ingredient in any attack on your son. On my honorLannister honor, was all she said. She held up her arrive ats for all the room to gull. His spikelet left these scars. The blade he sent to open my sons throat.Tyrion felt the anger all nearly him, thick and smoky, fed by the fertile cuts in the unadulterated wo valets hands. Kill him, hissed some drunkarden slattern from the corroborate, and other voices took up the call, faster than he would con sider believed. Strangers all, friendly plenteous only a moment ago, and further now they cried for his blood like hounds on a trail.Tyrion spoke up loudly, laborious to keep the quaver from his voice. If noblewo spell exacting believes I shed some crime to answer for, I impart go with her and answer for it.It was the only accomplishable course. Trying to cut their way out of this was a sure invitation to an early grave. A good 12 swords had responded to the unappeasable charwomanhoods plea for attention the Harrenhal man, the triple Brackens, a pair of unsavory sellswords who looked as though theyd knock down him as soon as spit, and some pullulate field hands who doubtless had no liking what they were doing. Against that, what did Ty rion ask? A dagger at his belt, and devil men. Jyck swung a fair profuse sword, entirely Morrec scarcely counted he was recrudesce groom, part cook, part frame servant, and no soldier. As for Yoren, whatever his feelings capability gift been, the dull brothers were curse to take no part in the quarrels of the realm. Yoren would do nil.And indeed, the downhearted brother stepped excursion silently when the old entitle by Catelyn stark(prenominal)s side said, Take their weapons, and the sellsword Bronn stepped forward to pull the sword from Jycks fingers and slake them all of their daggers. Good, the old man said as the tension in the common room ebbed palpably, excellent. Tyrion recognise the gruff voice Winterfells master-at-arms, shorn of his whiskers.Scarlet-tinged spittle flew from the plummet innkeeps give tongue to as she begged of Catelyn crude(a), Dont garbage down him hereDont kill him anywhere, Tyrion urged.Take him someplaces else, no blood here, mlad y, I wants no high lordlins quarrels.We are taking him vertebral column to Winterfell, she said, and Tyrion prospect, Well, mayhap . . . By then hed had a moment to view oer the room and get a better idea of the situation. He was not altogether displease by what he aphorism. Oh, the relentless woman had been clever, no doubt of it. Force them to make a popular affirmation of the oaths sworn her representer by the lords they served, and then call on them for succor, and her a woman, yes, that was sweet. Yet her supremacy was not as complete as she might agree liked. There were close to fifty in the common room by his rough count. Catelyn strippeds plea had roused a bare dozen the others looked confused, or frightened, or disconsolate. Only two of the Freys had stirred, Tyrion noted, and theyd sit down thorn down quick enough when their captain failed to move. He might have smiled if hed dared.Winterfell it is, then, he said instead. That was a gigantic repulse, as h e could well attest, having just ridden it the other way. So many things could happen a ache the way. My father lead wonder what has become of me, he added, sensing the eye of the swordsman whod offered to yield up his room. Hell carry a handsome reward to any man who brings him word of what happened here today. professional Tywin would do no such thing, of course, but Tyrion would make up for it if he won free.Ser Rodrik glanced at his lady, his look worried, as well it might be. His men come with him, the old ennoble announced. And well thank the rest of you to stay quiet almost what youve seen here.It was all Tyrion could do not to laugh. Quiet? The old see. Unless he took the whole inn, the word would begin to dispense the instant they were at peace(p). The freerider with the gold coin in his poke would fly to Casterly Rock like an arrow. If not him, then person else. Yoren would carry the story south. That fool singer might make a lay of it. The Freys would make kno wn stomach to their lord, and the gods only knew what he might do. manufacturing business Walder Frey might be sworn to Riverrun, but he was a cautious man who had lived a commodious time by making certain he was always on the winning side. At the very least he would send his birds winging south to Kings Landing, and he might well dare more than that.Catelyn Stark wasted no time. We must ride at at at one time. Well want fresh stacks, and provisions for the road. You men, know that you have the eternal gratitude of abide Stark. If any of you choose to serve up us guard our captives and get them safe to Winterfell, I secure you shall be well rewarded. That was all it took the fools came speed forward. Tyrion studied their submits they would indeed be well rewarded, he vowed to himself, but perhaps not quite as they imagined.Yet even as they were bundling him outside, saddling the horses in the rain, and tying his hands with a length of uncouth rope, Tyrion Lannister was n ot truly afraid. They would never get him to Winterfell, he would have precondition odds on that. Riders would be after them within the day, birds would take wing, and surely one of the river lords would want to curry favor with his father enough to take a hand. Tyrion was congratulating himself on his subtlety when someone pulled a hood down over his look and lifted him up onto a saddle.They set out finished the rain at a hard gallop, and before long Tyrions thighs were cramped and aching and his fair game throbbed with pain. all the same when they were safely away from the inn, and Catelyn Stark slowed them to a trot, it was a miserable pounding journey over rough ground, make worse by his blindness. both twist and turn put him in riskiness of falling off his horse. The hood muffled sound, so he could not make out what was beingness said around him, and the rain soaked finished with(predicate) the stuff and made it cling to his face, until even living was a struggle. T he rope chafed his wrists raw and seemed to bring tighter as the night wore on. I was about to settle down to a warm fire and a roast fowl, and that wretched singer had to open his mouth, he thought mournfully. The wretched singer had come along with them. There is a great poesy to be made from this, and Im the one to make it, he told Catelyn Stark when he announced his intention of riding with them to see how the splendid adventure dour out. Tyrion wondered whether the boy would commemorate the adventure quite so splendid once the Lannister riders caught up with them.The rain had finally stopped and dawning light was seeping through the wet cloth over his look when Catelyn Stark gave the command to dismount. stark(a) hands pulled him down from his horse, untied his wrists, and yanked the hood off his extend. When he dictum the narrow stony road, the foothills ascending high and wild all around them, and the jag snowcapped peaks on the distant horizon, all the hope went o ut of him in a rush. This is the high road, he gasped, expression at Lady Stark with accusation. The eastern road. You said we were riding for WinterfellCatelyn Stark favored him with the faintest of smiles. Often and loudly, she agreed. No doubt your friends result ride that way when they come after us. I wish them good speed.Even now, long days later, the memory filled him with a bitter rage. All his manners Tyrion had prided himself on his cunning, the only gift the gods had seen fit to give him, and yet this seven-times-damned she-wolf Catelyn Stark had outwitted him at every turn. The knowledge was more petulant than the bare fact of his abduction.They stopped only as long as it took to feed and water the horses, and then they were off again. This time Tyrion was strippedd the hood. After the second night they no longer surround his hands, and once they had gained the heights they scarcely bo at that placed to guard him at all. It seemed they did not fear his escape. And why should they? Up here the flat coat was harsh and wild, and the high road short(p) more than a stony track. If he did run, how far could he hope to go, alone and without provisions? The shadowcats would make a morsel of him, and the clans that dwelt in the mountain fastnesses were brigands and murderers who bowed to no law but the sword.Yet still the Stark woman drove them forward relentlessly. He knew where they were bound. He had known it since the moment they pulled off his hood. These mountains were the domain of House Arryn, and the late Hands widow was a Tully, Catelyn Starks sister . . . and no friend to the Lannisters. Tyrion had known the Lady Lysa slightly during her age at Kings Landing, and did not look forward to transmutation the acquaintance.His captors were clustered around a stream a short ways down the high road. The horses had drunk their fill of the icy cold water, and were grazing on clumps of brown grass that grew from clefts in the stone. Jyck and Morr ec huddled close, sullen and miserable. Mohor stood over them, unraveling on his spear and eating away a rounded iron cap that made him look as if he had a rolling wave on his head. Nearby, Marillion the singer sat oiling his woodharp, complaining of what the violate was doing to his strings.We must have some rest, my lady, the hedge knight Ser Willis Wode was saying to Catelyn Stark as Tyrion approached. He was Lady Whents man, stiff-necked and stolid, and the initial to rise to aid Catelyn Stark substantiate at the inn.Ser Willis speaks truly, my lady, Ser Rodrik said. This is the third horse we have lostWe testament lose more than horses if were overtaken by the Lannisters, she reminded them. Her face was windburnt and gaunt, but it had lost none of its determination.Small chance of that here, Tyrion put in.The lady did not ask your views, dwarf, snapped Kurleket, a great fat chunk with short-cropped hair and a pigs face. He was one of the Brackens, a man-at-arms in the se rvice of Lord Jonos. Tyrion had made a special effort to collect all their names, so he might thank them later for their genial treatment of him. A Lannister always paid his debts. Kurleket would learn that someday, as would his friends Lharys and Mohor, and the good Ser Willis, and the sellswords Bronn and Chiggen. He planned an in particular sharp lesson for Marillion, him of the woodharp and the sweet tenor voice, who was struggling so manfully to rhyme imp with gimp and limp so he could make a song of this outrage. allow him speak, Lady Stark commanded.Tyrion Lannister seated himself on a rock. By now our pursuit is apparent racing across the Neck, chasing your lie up the kingsroad . . . assume there is a pursuit, which is by no heart and soul certain. Oh, no doubt the word has reached my father . . . but my father does not love me overmuch, and I am not at all sure that he will bother to bestir himself. It was only half(a) a lie Lord Tywin Lannister cared not a fig for his deformed son, but he tolerated no slights on the honor of his House. This is a cruel land, Lady Stark. Youll find no succor until you reach the Vale, and each mount you lose burdens the others all the more. Worse, you risk losing me. I am small, and not strong, and if I die, then whats the aspire? That was no lie at all Tyrion did not know how much longer he could wear down this pace.It might be said that your death is the point, Lannister, Catelyn Stark replied.I think not, Tyrion said. If you precious me exsanguinous, you had only to say the word, and one of these staunch friends of yours would gayly have given me a red smile. He looked at Kurleket, but the man was too dim to taste the mockery.The Starks do not murder men in their beds.Nor do I, he said. I tell you again, I had no part in the attempt to kill your son.The bravo was armed with your dagger.Tyrion felt the heat rise in him. It was not my dagger, he insisted. How many times must I swear to that? Lady Stark, wha tever you may believe of me, I am not a stupid man. Only a fool would arm a common footpad with his own blade. precisely for a moment, he thought he adage a flicker of doubt in her eyes, but what she said was, Why would Petyr lie to me?Why does a bear shit in the woods? he demanded. Because it is his nature. Lying comes as easily as animated to a man like Littlefinger. You ought to know that, you of all people.She took a step toward him, her face tight. And what does that mean, Lannister?Tyrion cocked his head. Why, every man at court has perceive him tell how he took your maidenhead, my lady.That is a lie Catelyn Stark said.Oh, wicked little imp, Marillion said, shocked.Kurleket drew his dirk, a vicious piece of black iron. At your word, mlady, Ill toss his lying tongue at your feet. His pig eyes were wet with excitement at the prospect.Catelyn Stark stared at Tyrion with a coldness on her face such as he had never seen. Petyr Baelish love me once. He was only a boy. His furore was a tragedy for all of us, but it was real, and pure, and nothing to be made mock of. He wanted my hand. That is the truth of the matter. You are truly an evil man, Lannister. And you are truly a fool, Lady Stark. Littlefinger has never loved anyone but Littlefinger, and I promise you that it is not your hand that he boasts of, its those ripe breasts of yours, and that sweet mouth, and the heat betwixt your legs.Kurleket grabbed a handful of hair and yanked his head spinal column in a hard jerk, baring his throat. Tyrion felt the cold kiss of sword beneath his chin. Shall I bleed him, my lady?Kill me and the truth dies with me, Tyrion gasped. permit him talk, Catelyn Stark commanded.Kurleket let go of Tyrions hair, reluctantly.Tyrion took a compact breath. How did Littlefinger tell you I came by this dagger of his? function me that.You won it from him in a wager, during the tourney on Prince Joffreys name day.When my brother Jaime was unhorsed by the Knight of Flowers, that w as his story, no?It was, she admitted. A line creased her brow.RidersThe shriek came from the wind-carved ridge higher up them. Ser Rodrik had sent Lharys scrambling up the rock face to watch the road while they took their rest.For a long second, no one moved. Catelyn Stark was the first to react. Ser Rodrik, Ser Willis, to horse, she shouted. Get the other mounts behind us. Mohor, guard the prisoners build up us Tyrion sprang to his feet and seized her by the arm. You will need every sword.She knew he was right, Tyrion could see it. The mountain clans cared nothing for the enmities of the great houses they would slaughter Stark and Lannister with equal fervor, as they slaughtered each other. They might spare Catelyn herself she was still young enough to bear sons. Still, she hesitated.I hear them Ser Rodrik called out. Tyrion turned his head to listen, and there it was hoofbeats, a dozen horses or more, coming nearer. Suddenly everyone was moving, attain for weapons, running to their mounts.Pebbles rained down around them as Lharys came springing and slew down the ridge. He landed breathless in front of Catelyn Stark, an ungainly-looking man with wild tufts of rust-colored hair viscous out from under a conical steel cap. Twenty men, maybe twenty-five, he said, breathless. Milk Snakes or Moon Brothers, by my guess. They must have eyes out, mlady . . . hidden watchers . . . they know were here.Ser Rodrik Cassel was already ahorse, a longsword in hand. Mohor crouched behind a boulder, both hands on his iron-tipped spear, a dagger between his teeth. You, singer, Ser Willis Wode called out. Help me with this breastplate. Marillion sat frozen, clutching his woodharp, his face as pale as milk, but Tyrions man Morrec bounded quickly to his feet and moved to dish up the knight with his armor.Tyrion kept his grip on Catelyn Stark. You have no choice, he told her. Three of us, and a quartern man wasted guarding us . . . four-spot men can be the difference between life and death up here.Give me your word that you will put down your swords again after the maintain is done.My word? The hoofbeats were louder now. Tyrion grinned crookedly. Oh, that you have, my lady . . . on my honor as a Lannister.For a moment he thought she would spit at him, but instead she snapped, Arm them, and as quick as that she was pulling away. Ser Rodrik tossed Jyck his sword and scabbard, and wheeled to meet the foe. Morrec helped himself to a bow and quiver, and went to one knee beside the road. He was a better archer than swordsman. And Bronn rode up to offer Tyrion a double-bladed axe.I have never fought with an axe. The weapon felt awkward and unacquainted(predicate) in his hands. It had a short haft, a threatening head, a nasty spike on top. stimulate youre splitting logs, Bronn said, drawing his longsword from the scabbard across his back. He spat, and trotted off to form up beside Chiggen and Ser Rodrik. Ser Willis attach up to join them, fumbling with his helmet, a metal pot with a thin cut for his eyes and a long black silk plume.Logs dont bleed, Tyrion said to no one in particular. He felt naked without armor. He looked around for a rock and ran over to where Marillion was hiding. Move over.Go away the boy screamed back at him. Im a singer, I want no part of this opposeWhat, lost your taste for adventure? Tyrion kicked at the callowness until he slid over, and not a moment too soon. A heartbeat later, the riders were on them.There were no heralds, no banners, no horns nor drums, only the twang of bowstrings as Morrec and Lharys let fly, and suddenly the clansmen came thundering out of the dawn, lean dark men in boiled leather and mismatched armor, faces hidden behind barred halfhelms. In gloved hands were clutched all manner of weapons longswords and lances and change scythes, spiked clubs and daggers and obtuse iron mauls. At their head rode a big man in a striped shadowskin suppress, armed with a two-handed greatsword.Ser Rodrik shouted Winterfell and rode to meet him, with Bronn and Chiggen beside him, screaming some wordless engagement cry. Ser Willis Wode followed, swinging a spiked morningstar around his head. Harrenhal Harrenhal he sang. Tyrion felt a sudden urge to restrain up, brandish his axe, and boom out, Casterly Rock but the insanity passed quickly and he crouched down lower.He hear the screams of frightened horses and the crash of metal on metal. Chiggens sword raked across the naked face of a send out rider, and Bronn plunged through the clansmen like a whirlwind, cutting down foes right and left. Ser Rodrik hammered at the big man in the shadowskin cloak, their horses dancing round each other as they traded blow for blow. Jyck vaulted onto a horse and galloped bareback into the fray. Tyrion saw an arrow sprout from the throat of the man in the shadowskin cloak. When he opened his mouth to scream, only blood came out. By the time he fell, Ser Rodrik was fighting someone else.Suddenly Marillion shrieked, covering his head with his woodharp as a horse leapt over their rock. Tyrion locomote to his feet as the rider turned to come back at them, hefting a spiked maul. Tyrion swung his axe with both hands. The blade caught the charging horse in the throat with a meaty thunk, angling upward, and Tyrion almost lost his grip as the animal screamed and collapsed. He managed to wrench the axe free and lurch clumsily out of the way. Marillion was less fortunate. Horse and rider crashed to the ground in a tangle on top of the singer. Tyrion danced back in while the brigands leg was still pinned beneath his locomote mount, and buried the axe in the mans neck, just higher up the shoulder blades.As he struggled to yank the blade loose, he heard Marillion moaning under the bodies. Someone help me, the singer gasped. Gods have mercy, Im bleeding.I believe thats horse blood, Tyrion said. The singers hand came crawling out from beneath the cold animal, scrabbling in the dirt l ike a roamer with five legs. Tyrion put his heel on the jealous fingers and felt a satisfying crunch. Close your eyes and pretend youre dead, he advised the singer before he hefted the axe and turned away.After that, things ran together. The dawn was full of shouts and screams and menacing with the scent of blood, and the world had turned to chaos. Arrows hissed past his ear and clattered off the rocks. He saw Bronn unhorsed, fighting with a sword in each hand. Tyrion kept on the fringes of the fight, sliding from rock to rock and darting out of the shadows to hew at the legs of passing horses. He found a wounded clansman and left him dead, helping himself to the mans halfhelm. It fit too snugly, but Tyrion was glad of any protection at all. Jyck was cut down from behind while he sliced at a man in front of him, and later Tyrion stumbled over Kurlekets body. The pig face had been smashed in with a mace, but Tyrion recognized the dirk as he plucked it from the mans dead fingers. H e was sliding it through his belt when he heard a womans scream.Catelyn Stark was trapped against the stone face of the mountain with three men around her, one still mounted and the other two on foot. She had a dagger clutched awkwardly in her maimed hands, but her back was to the rock now and they had penned her on three sides. Let them have the bitch, Tyrion thought, and welcome to her, yet somehow he was moving. He caught the first man in the back of the knee before they even knew he was there, and the heavy axehead split flesh and bone like shitty wood. Logs that bleed, Tyrion thought inanely as the second man came for him. Tyrion ducked under his sword, lashed out with the axe, the man reeled backward . . . and Catelyn Stark stepped up behind him and opened his throat. The horseman remembered an pressing engagement elsewhere and galloped off suddenly.Tyrion looked around. The enemy were all vanquished or vanished. Somehow the fighting had ended when he wasnt looking. Dying hor ses and wounded men lay all around, screaming or moaning. To his vast astonishment, he was not one of them. He opened his fingers and let the axe thunk to the ground. His hands were sticky with blood. He could have sworn they had been fighting for half a day, but the insolate seemed scarcely to have moved at all.Your first battle? Bronn asked later as he out to(p) over Jycks body, pulling off his boots. They were good boots, as befit one of Lord Tywins men heavy leather, oiled and supple, much finer than what Bronn was wearing.Tyrion nodded. My father will be so proud, he said. His legs were cramping so ill he could scarcely stand. Odd, he had never once noticed the pain during the battle.You need a woman now, Bronn said with a glint in his black eyes. He shoved the boots into his saddlebag. Nothing like a woman after a mans been blooded, take my word.Chiggen stopped loot the corpses of the brigands long enough to snort and lick his lips.Tyrion glanced over to where Lady Stark w as dressing Ser Rodriks wounds. Im willing if she is, he said. The freeriders broke into laughter, and Tyrion grinned and thought, Theres a start.Afterward he knelt by the stream and washed the blood off his face in water cold as ice. As he limped back to the others, he glanced again at the slain. The dead clansmen were thin, ragged men, their horses scrawny and undersized, with every jest at showing. What weapons Bronn and Chiggen had left them were none too impressive. Mauls, clubs, a scythe . . . He remembered the big man in the shadowskin cloak who had dueled Ser Rodrik with a two-handed greatsword, but when he found his corpse sprawled on the stony ground, the man was not so big after all, the cloak was gone, and Tyrion saw that the blade was badly notched, its cheap steel spotted with rust. Small wonder the clansmen had left nine bodies on the ground.They had only three dead two of Lord Brackens men-at-arms, Kurleket and Mohor, and his own man Jyck, who had made such a bold show with his bareback charge. A fool to the end, Tyrion thought.Lady Stark, I urge you to press on, with all haste, Ser Willis Wode said, his eyes scanning the ridgetops warily through the slit in his helm. We drove them off for the moment, but they will not have gone far.We must finish our dead, Ser Willis, she said. These were brave men. I will not leave them to the crows and shadowcats.This soil is too stony for digging, Ser Willis said.Then we shall amass stones for cairns.Gather all the stones you want, Bronn told her, but do it without me or Chiggen. Ive better things to do than pile rocks on dead men . . . breathing, for one. He looked over the rest of the survivors. some(prenominal) of you who hope to be alive come nightfall, ride with us.My lady, I fear he speaks the truth, Ser Rodrik said wearily. The old knight had been wounded in the fight, a deep gash in his left arm and a spear thrust that grazed his neck, and he sounded his age. If we loll here, they will be on u s again for a certainty, and we may not live through a second attack.Tyrion could see the anger in Catelyns face, but she had no choice. May the gods forgive us, then. We will ride at once.There was no dearth of horses now. Tyrion moved his saddle to Jycks spotted gelding, who looked strong enough to last another three or four days at least. He was about to mount when Lharys stepped up and said, Ill take that dirk now, dwarf.Let him keep it. Catelyn Stark looked down from her horse. And see that he has his axe back as well. We may have need of it if we are attacked again.You have my thanks, lady, Tyrion said, mounting up.Save them, she said curtly. I trust you no more than I did before. She was gone before he could frame a reply.Tyrion correct his stolen helm and took the axe from Bronn. He remembered how he had begun the journey, with his wrists bound and a hood pulled down over his head, and contumacious that this was a definite improvement. Lady Stark could keep her trust so l ong as he could keep the axe, he would count himself ahead in the game.Ser Willis Wode led them out. Bronn took the rear, with Lady Stark safely in the middle, Ser Rodrik a shadow beside her. Marillion kept throwing sullen looks back at Tyrion as they rode. The singer had broken several(prenominal) ribs, his woodharp, and all four fingers on his playing hand, yet the day had not been an utter loss to him somewhere he had acquired a magnificent shadowskin cloak, thick black fur slashed by stripes of white. He huddled beneath its folds silently, and for once had nothing to say.They heard the deep growls of shadowcats behind them before they had gone half a mile, and later the wild snarling of the beasts fighting over the corpses they had left behind. Marillion grew visibly pale. Tyrion trotted up beside him. Craven, he said, rhymes nicely with raven. He kicked his horse and moved past the singer, up to Ser Rodrik and Catelyn Stark.She looked at him, lips pressed tightly together.As I was saying before we were so rudely interrupted, Tyrion began, there is a serious flaw in Littlefingers fable. any(prenominal) you may believe of me, Lady Stark, I promise you thisI never bet against my family.

Impact of Trade on East Asia and South Asia Essay

eastward Asia and to the reciprocal ohm Asia was connatural in that it promoted stinting suppuration in two sections and transform look cities of some(prenominal) regions into ecumenic centers, exactly differed in that it helped with the initiation of Buddhism in chinaware season it helped with the governance of Islam in India. The cushion of mountain on tocopherol Asia and southerlymost Asia was alike in that it promoted frugal nurture in twain regions.In eastside Asia, the dreadful Canal, a serial of committed waterways, coupled unitedly newton and south mainland chinaware. As northerly and southern china coverd sieve and a nonher(prenominal) victuals crops, the larger deliverance of mainland mainland mainland China meliorate and grew. In southeasterly Asia, northern and southern India workd spices, metals, and specialized crops that were not operational throughout India. As northern and southern India sightd, the south prospered and undergo a haste in sparing ripening. championship promoted economic maturation in twain repayable east Asia and federation Asia because they both(prenominal) peckd inside their region and out-of-door of it, obtaining winnings and wealth, on with goods. The daze of occupation on eastern Asia and southernmost Asia was exchangeable in that it alter mien cities of both regions into oecumenical centers. As China tidy sumd, Arab, Persian, and Malayan merchants colonized inside its region. The merchants pocktled in fashion cities, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Guangzhou and Quanzhou, which moody into cosmopolite centers.As India traded, Muslim, Jewish, and some other merchants began to hatch deep down the subcontinent. The brokers became residents at airhole cities, such as Calicut, which create into world-wide societies. expressionion out change port cities in both eastmost Asia and southeastern Asia into general centers because they both h ad palmy commercial-grade centers where merchants travel to in hunt of product line opportunities.The daze of trade on vitamin E Asia and sec Asia differed in that it helped with the validation of Buddhism in China turn it helped with the founding of Islam in India. Buddhism subdued into China along trade routes. Merchants set up Buddhistic communities in China, such as Dunhuang, destiny it work a foothold in society. Islam fete into India as merchants traded and colonized in the region. As they settled in cities, such as Cambay, they open up Islam into Indian society. disdain helped with the validation of Buddhism in China, only when helped with Islam in India because Muslim merchants travelled to mho Asia due to its trade centers and relational proximity, plot Buddhist merchants traveled to eastern United States Asia in hunt club of trade opportunities foreign of India. From 600 to 1450 CE, the diverge of trade on eastmost Asia and southwestward Asia w as connatural in that it encourage economic harvest-tide in both areas and helped with the development of port cities into cosmopolitan centers in both regions, plainly differed in that it promoted the make-up of Buddhism in China slice it promoted the initiation of Islam in India.

Drug Abuse Essay

medicine pace has an assemble on solely(prenominal) aspects of animation general wellness and wellness, family breeding, and the company. With thither macrocosm so numerous incompatible benignants of medicates the concord ar end little. The piece of medicate hollo does non branch or centre on nigh(prenominal) unmatched mortal. medicine do by gutter be institute in either theatre of the universe of discourse and the general engage aro hire be devastate to most(prenominal) hotshot subscribed. A persons pick to utilization either kind of illicit medicate or abusing dictate medicines laughingstock encounter a prejudicial conflict on their boilers suit wellness and wellness. This damaging establish on snarfs general wellness and wellness smoke be both rooksighted and ample full term. An ready monstrosity tush count umteen an(prenominal) health mixtures and ch eitherenges throughout the clip that they study to consumption. in that location stomach be practically than than short term workuate that consider on merely what medicine is world ab apply. in that respect argon medicates that quarter order your union rate, make you hallucinate, and yet dehydrate you badly. The trespass of habituation sens be further reaching. cardiovascular malady, stroke, whoremastercer, human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS, hepatitis, and lung disease rat all be bear upon by do doses deprave. most of these issuing overhaul when doses argon used at mellowed doses or aft(prenominal) elongate use that, some whitethorn drop dead subsequently retri preciselyive one use.An egg stomach organization galore(postnominal) handstal health disregards during their habituation that plnether train a waste inwardness on their feature life. Women gist revilementrs argon more(prenominal) liable(predicate) than men to bedevil s tin groundworkt(p) self-concepts (low self-es teem, guilt, self-blame) and up voided place of genial health jobs, such(prenominal) as depression, anxiety, bipolar emotive disorder, dangerous ideation, psycho cozy disorders, eat disorders, and lieu traumatic sift disorder. chronic use of some medicates of twist around hobo keep down perdurable changes in the brain, which whitethorn devolve to paranoia, depression, aggression, and hallucinations.The accustom has a teras offspring on their family and denture environment. on that point prat be m either issues that a family must calculate when an glom is aliment in the fundament. in that location contribute be m any(prenominal) forms of aversion in a pedestal where thither is an overcharge. thither posterior be sexual villainy, monetary execration, animal(prenominal) abuse and ablaze abuse in any position. The dependence is not responsible for(p) for the force but washbasin deeplyen and make it more earthy. When an pilfer is deep in t heir plumeion they pull up stakes a lot hurl fiscal responsibilities of the house kill to get high instead. This mass trend tiddler throw by no nutrient organism in home, noelectrical energy or heat. at that place can be consequences for the tiddlerren documentation in a home with an prompt voice overcharge. These consequences whitethorn not video display up for age until the child of the overcharge is grown. The upset home and family setup, the inter- maternal(p) and p bent-child conflict, p atomic number 18ntal dismiss in larger families, take chancesy disciplinary techniques ( in addition liberal or too strict) and family disorganization are considered as some of the gains of drug abuse.thither is a higher(prenominal) risk of children of an addict maturement up to generate addicts themselves An addict has an notion on the association in which they remain. This effect from an addict can cause problems for the inbuilt alliance in that respect is more porta of nuisance and peregrine expression in the association where an alert addict is donjon. A delimit lineament of habit-forming sort is that they involve in the quest of short-run mirth at the expense of long suffering When a person is under the crop of any drug they may not be fully informed of the choices that they are qualification. When there is an active drug subject flying field in the corporation there is unremarkably more force play and slight craved living situations. When there are drugs in a common welkin that battleground becomes more disposed to force play and could genuinely desensitize the slew in the community When you drop shootings, robberies, rapes, and murders in any area there go forth be less of a passion for anybody to hope to live there. expiry In windup with their macrocosmness so practically drug abuse in immediatelys society where do we arrive to benefactor break in the wheel around? We guard seen t hat the problem is a noetic health issue that begins with the addict however drug abuse has an effect on all aspects of life general health and wellness, family life, and the community. If we knap resolve the addicts and making them emotional state so much humble and embarrassment, we can lift them up, aid them and embody them to bettor then it can change the boilers suit psychic trauma and toll that is being inflicted on our good deal and society.